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dc.contributor.authorWaller, Robert
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Anne Julia
dc.contributor.authorO'Sullivan, Peter Bruce
dc.contributor.authorSlater, Helen
dc.contributor.authorSterling, Michele
dc.contributor.authorMcVeigh, Joanne Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorStraker, Leon Melville
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-20T03:47:31Z
dc.date.available2018-07-20T03:47:31Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.issn1877-8860
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.08.003
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/100339
dc.description.abstractBackground and aims: Currently there is a lack of large population studies that have investigated pain sensitivity distributions in healthy pain free people. The aims of this study were: (1) to provide sexspecific reference values of pressure and cold pain thresholds in young pain-free adults; (2) to examine the association of potential correlates of pain sensitivity with pain threshold values. Methods: This study investigated sex specific pressure and cold pain threshold estimates for young pain free adults aged 21–24 years. A cross-sectional design was utilised using participants (n = 617) from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study at the 22-year follow-up. The association of site, sex, height, weight, smoking, health related quality of life, psychological measures and activity with pain threshold values was examined. Pressure pain threshold (lumbar spine, tibialis anterior, neck and dorsal wrist) and cold pain threshold (dorsal wrist) were assessed using standardised quantitative sensory testing protocols. Results: Reference values for pressure pain threshold (four body sites) stratified by sex and site, and cold pain threshold (dorsal wrist) stratified by sex are provided. Statistically significant, independent correlates of increased pressure pain sensitivity measures were site (neck, dorsal wrist), sex (female), higher waist-hip ratio and poorer mental health. Statistically significant, independent correlates of increased cold pain sensitivity measures were, sex (female), poorer mental health and smoking. Conclusions: These data provide the most comprehensive and robust sex specific reference values for pressure pain threshold specific to four body sites and cold pain threshold at the dorsal wrist for young adults aged 21–24 years. Establishing normative values in this young age group is important given that the transition from adolescence to adulthood is a critical temporal period during which trajectories for persistent pain can be established. Implications: These data will provide an important research resource to enable more accurate profiling and interpretation of pain sensitivity in clinical pain disorders in young adults. The robust and comprehensive data can assist interpretation of future clinical pain studies and provide further insight into the complex associations of pain sensitivity that can be used in future research.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom114
dc.relation.ispartofpageto122
dc.relation.ispartofissue1
dc.relation.ispartofjournalScandinavian Journal of Pain
dc.relation.ispartofvolume13
dc.subject.fieldofresearchClinical sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchClinical sciences not elsewhere classified
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3202
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode320299
dc.titlePressure and cold pain threshold reference values in a large, young adult, pain-free population
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.hasfulltextNo Full Text
gro.griffith.authorSterling, Michele


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