Bilateral Chondroepitrochlearis Muscle: Case Report, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Clinical Significance

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Author(s)
Palagama, Sujeewa PW
Tedman, Raymond A
Barton, Matthew J
Forwood, Mark R
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2016
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Anomalous muscular variants of pectoralis major have been reported on several occasions in the medical literature. Among them,
chondroepitrochlearis is one of the rarest. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive description of its anatomy and
subsequent clinical significance, along with its phylogenetic importance in pectoral muscle evolution with regard to primate
posture. The authors suggest a more appropriate name to better reflect its proximal attachment to the costochondral junction and
distal attachment to the epicondyle of humerus, as “chondroepicondylaris”; in addition, we suggest a new theory of ...
View more >Anomalous muscular variants of pectoralis major have been reported on several occasions in the medical literature. Among them, chondroepitrochlearis is one of the rarest. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive description of its anatomy and subsequent clinical significance, along with its phylogenetic importance in pectoral muscle evolution with regard to primate posture. The authors suggest a more appropriate name to better reflect its proximal attachment to the costochondral junction and distal attachment to the epicondyle of humerus, as “chondroepicondylaris”; in addition, we suggest a new theory of phylogenetic significance to explain the twisting of pectoralis major tendon in primates thatmay have occurred with their adoption to bipedalism and arboreal lifestyle. Finally, the clinical significance of this aberrant muscle is elaborated as a cause of potential neurovascular entrapment and as a possible hurdle during axillary surgeries (i.e., mastectomy).
View less >
View more >Anomalous muscular variants of pectoralis major have been reported on several occasions in the medical literature. Among them, chondroepitrochlearis is one of the rarest. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive description of its anatomy and subsequent clinical significance, along with its phylogenetic importance in pectoral muscle evolution with regard to primate posture. The authors suggest a more appropriate name to better reflect its proximal attachment to the costochondral junction and distal attachment to the epicondyle of humerus, as “chondroepicondylaris”; in addition, we suggest a new theory of phylogenetic significance to explain the twisting of pectoralis major tendon in primates thatmay have occurred with their adoption to bipedalism and arboreal lifestyle. Finally, the clinical significance of this aberrant muscle is elaborated as a cause of potential neurovascular entrapment and as a possible hurdle during axillary surgeries (i.e., mastectomy).
View less >
Journal Title
Anatomy Research International
Copyright Statement
© 2016 Sujeewa P.W. Palagama et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly
cited.
Note
This publication has been entered into Griffith Research Online as an Advanced Online Version.
Subject
Comparative Physiology