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  • A Comparative Analysis of the OECD Anti-Corruption Models (Asia & Europe) And Australia’s Existing Anti-Corruption Platform

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    Author(s)
    Mitchell, Zoe
    Merrington, Shannon
    Bell, Peter
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Bell, Peter J.
    Year published
    2014
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    Abstract
    Corruption is generally defined as abuse of power or authority for personal gain. Corruption can occur in any circumstance – whether in the public or private sectors, where someone acts as an agent of another person or group. Corruption is a practice that affects and occurs at all levels of society, from local and national governments, civil society, judiciary functions, and in large and small businesses. It could be argued that corruption can undermine a nation’s economy, market confidence, negatively impact on foreign investment and divert resources from essential portfolios such as education, health and social services. ...
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    Corruption is generally defined as abuse of power or authority for personal gain. Corruption can occur in any circumstance – whether in the public or private sectors, where someone acts as an agent of another person or group. Corruption is a practice that affects and occurs at all levels of society, from local and national governments, civil society, judiciary functions, and in large and small businesses. It could be argued that corruption can undermine a nation’s economy, market confidence, negatively impact on foreign investment and divert resources from essential portfolios such as education, health and social services. It distorts governmental priorities and technological choices, drives privatised firms underground and out of the formal sector, as well as causing ineffective tax collection. But it should be noted that corruption is not isolated to a particular region, but rather, can manifest and flourish in any country. The Corruption Perception Index (CPI) (2013), noted that two-thirds of the 177 countries / territories surveyed in 2012, scored below 50 on the corruption scale, indicating that there is a serious corruption problem worldwide. A country's rank indicates its position relative to the other countries and territories included in the index. As expected, the highest scores of corruption appear in countries plagued by conflict, though; corruption is still prevalent in countries with low CPI scores. Corruption in these countries is well hidden and accordingly receives a low CPI score. Fortunately, there are more opportunities to combat corruption now, than ever before. With advances in technology and heightened awareness of the impact of corruption, for both developed and developing countries, new global standards of behaviour are emerging (World Bank, 1997; OECD, 2002). Many governments have systems in place to protect public institutions against corruption, such as, meritocratic civil service and watchdogs (i.e. ombudsmen and public service commissions), (World Bank, 1997). The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2008) has recognised the need for a wider examination of existing international laws and models apparent to addressing corruption. The OECD (2008) has identified three key models utilized internationally to prevent and combat corruption. This paper will examine each of these three (3) models within the context of selected European, Asian and Australian Case studies. This comparative analysis outlines the need for countries to remain vigilant with respect to combatting corruption and to be continually seeking ways to target corruption within our communities.
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    Journal Title
    International Journal of Business and Commerce
    Volume
    14
    Issue
    3
    Publisher URI
    https://www.ijbcnet.com/4-3/IJBC-14-4304.pdf
    Copyright Statement
    © 2014 Asian Society of Business and Commerce Research. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Business systems in context not elsewhere classified
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/123671
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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