Executive Oversight of Intelligence Agencies in Australia

Abstract

This chapter assesses whether executive oversight of the Australian intelligence agencies is robust, stringent, and effective. The chapter first sets out the six Australian intelligence agencies and their functions. It then sets out the executive bodies that oversee those agencies, including the Inspector-General of Security and the Independent National Security Legislation Monitor. These oversight mechanisms are categorized according to the functions they perform, such as authorizing the use of covert powers or reviewing legislation. The chapter then assesses the strengths and weaknesses of this oversight system. Although these oversight bodies have wide jurisdiction and strong investigative powers, their effectiveness is limited by the broad statutory powers granted to intelligence agencies and by the reluctance of successive governments to accept their recommendations for change. The chapter concludes by suggesting some ways in which this system might be improved, including through stronger whistle-blower protections and ongoing review of counterterrorism laws.