Differing forms of capital: setting the scene for mutuality and co-operation in the Asia Pacific Region

Abstract

The post-2008 global financial crisis rekindled the spotlight on alternative forms of corporate organization, including mutuals and co-operatives. These are the focus for this collection. We explain and cover such organizational forms across north-east Asia (China, Taiwan, South Korea) and south-east Asia (Vietnam, Papua New Guinea, Malaysia) and a range of sectors, from agriculture to bakeries to health. We also provide a tabular overview of the collection's content and proffer some implications and pointers to the future for both research and theory.