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  • Cross-sectional biomonitoring study of pesticide exposures in Queensland, Australia, using pooled urine samples

    Author(s)
    Heffernan, AL
    English, K
    Toms, LML
    Calafat, AM
    Valentin-Blasini, L
    Hobson, P
    Broomhall, S
    Ware, RS
    Jagals, P
    Sly, PD
    Mueller, JF
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Ware, Robert
    Year published
    2016
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    A range of pesticides are available in Australia for use in agricultural and domestic settings to control pests, including organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, herbicides, and insect repellents, such as N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET). The aim of this study was to provide a cost-effective preliminary assessment of background exposure to a range of pesticides among a convenience sample of Australian residents. De-identified urine specimens stratified by age and sex were obtained from a community-based pathology laboratory and pooled (n = 24 pools of 100 specimens). Concentrations of urinary pesticide biomarkers were ...
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    A range of pesticides are available in Australia for use in agricultural and domestic settings to control pests, including organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, herbicides, and insect repellents, such as N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET). The aim of this study was to provide a cost-effective preliminary assessment of background exposure to a range of pesticides among a convenience sample of Australian residents. De-identified urine specimens stratified by age and sex were obtained from a community-based pathology laboratory and pooled (n = 24 pools of 100 specimens). Concentrations of urinary pesticide biomarkers were quantified using solid-phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Geometric mean biomarker concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 36.8 ng/mL for organophosphate insecticides, <0.1 to 5.5 ng/mL for pyrethroid insecticides, and <0.1 to 8.51 ng/mL for all other biomarkers with the exception of the DEET metabolite 3-diethylcarbamoyl benzoic acid (4.23 to 850 ng/mL). We observed no association between age and concentration for most biomarkers measured but noted a “U-shaped” trend for five organophosphate metabolites, with the highest concentrations observed in the youngest and oldest age strata, perhaps related to age-specific differences in behavior or physiology. The fact that concentrations of specific and non-specific metabolites of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos were higher than reported in USA and Canada may relate to differences in registered applications among countries. Additional biomonitoring programs of the general population and focusing on vulnerable populations would improve the exposure assessment and the monitoring of temporal exposure trends as usage patterns of pesticide products in Australia change over time.
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    Journal Title
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research
    Volume
    23
    Issue
    23
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7571-7
    Subject
    Chemical sciences
    Environmental sciences
    Environmental management not elsewhere classified
    Biological sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/172368
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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