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  • Comparison of hypoxia among four river-dominated ocean margins: The Changjiang (Yangtze), Mississippi, Pearl, and Rhone rivers

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    Author(s)
    Rabouille, C
    Conley, DJ
    Dai, MH
    Cai, W-J
    Chen, CTA
    Lansard, B
    Green, R
    Yin, K
    Harrison, PJ
    Dagg, M
    McKee, B
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Yin, Kedong
    Year published
    2008
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    Abstract
    We examined the occurrence of seasonal hypoxia (O2o2mg l 1) in the bottom waters of four riverdominated ocean margins (off the Changjiang, Mississippi, Pearl and Rho讥 Rivers) and compared the processes leading to the depletion of oxygen. Consumption of oxygen in bottom waters is linked to biological oxygen demand fueled by organic matter from primary production in the nutrient-rich river plume and perhaps terrigenous inputs. Hypoxia occurs when this consumption exceeds replenishment by diffusion, turbulent mixing or lateral advection of oxygenated water. The margins off the Mississippi and Changjiang are affected the most ...
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    We examined the occurrence of seasonal hypoxia (O2o2mg l 1) in the bottom waters of four riverdominated ocean margins (off the Changjiang, Mississippi, Pearl and Rho讥 Rivers) and compared the processes leading to the depletion of oxygen. Consumption of oxygen in bottom waters is linked to biological oxygen demand fueled by organic matter from primary production in the nutrient-rich river plume and perhaps terrigenous inputs. Hypoxia occurs when this consumption exceeds replenishment by diffusion, turbulent mixing or lateral advection of oxygenated water. The margins off the Mississippi and Changjiang are affected the most by summer hypoxia, while the margins off the Rho讥 and the Pearl rivers systems are less affected, although nutrient concentrations in the river water are very similar in the four systems. Spring and summer primary production is high overall for the shelves adjacent to the Mississippi, Changjiang and Pearl (1-10 g Cm 2 d 1), and lower off the Rho讥 River (o1g Cm 2 d 1), which could be one of the reasons of the absence of hypoxia on the Rho讥 shelf. The residence time of the bottom water is also related to the occurrence of hypoxia, with the Mississippi margin showing a long residence time and frequent occurrences of hypoxia during summer over very large spatial scales, whereas the East China Sea (ECS)/Changjiang displays hypoxia less regularly due to a shorter residence time of the bottom water. Physical stratification plays an important role with both the Changjiang and Mississippi shelf showing strong thermohaline stratification during summer over extended periods of time, whereas summer stratification is less prominent for the Pearl and Rho讥 partly due to the wind effect on mixing. The shape of the shelf is the last important factor since hypoxia occurs at intermediate depths (between 5 and 50 m) on broad shelves (Gulf of Mexico and ECS). Shallow estuaries with low residence time such as the Pearl River estuary during the summer wet seasonwhen mixing and flushing are dominant features, or deeper shelves, such as the Gulf of Lion off the Rho讥 show little or no hypoxia.
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    Journal Title
    Continental Shelf Research
    Volume
    28
    Issue
    12
    Publisher URI
    http://www.elsevier.com/locate/csr
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2008.01.020
    Copyright Statement
    © 2008 Elsevier. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Earth sciences
    Biological oceanography
    Chemical oceanography
    Biological sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/23521
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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