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  • Suicide methods in Europe: a gender-specific analysis of countries participating in the "European Alliance Against Depression"

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    Author(s)
    Varnik, A
    Kolves, K
    van der Feltz-Cornelis, CM
    Marusic, A
    Oskarsson, H
    Palmer, A
    Reisch, T
    Scheerder, G
    Arensman, E
    Aromaa, E
    Giupponi, G
    Gusmao, R
    Maxwell, M
    Pull, C
    Szekely, A
    Sola, V Perez
    Hegerl, U
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Kolves, Kairi
    Year published
    2008
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Objective: To identify the most frequent gender-specific suicide methods in Europe. Design: Proportions of seven predominant suicide methods utilised in 16 countries participating in the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD) were reported in total and cross-nationally. Relative risk (RR) relating to suicide methods and gender was calculated. To group countries by pattern of suicide methods, hierarchical clustering was applied. Setting and participants: Data on suicide methods for 119 122 male and 41 338 female cases in 2000-4/5 from 16 EAAD countries, covering 52% of European population were obtained. ...
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    Objective: To identify the most frequent gender-specific suicide methods in Europe. Design: Proportions of seven predominant suicide methods utilised in 16 countries participating in the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD) were reported in total and cross-nationally. Relative risk (RR) relating to suicide methods and gender was calculated. To group countries by pattern of suicide methods, hierarchical clustering was applied. Setting and participants: Data on suicide methods for 119 122 male and 41 338 female cases in 2000-4/5 from 16 EAAD countries, covering 52% of European population were obtained. Results: Hanging was the most prevalent suicide method among both males (54.3%) and females (35.6%). For males, hanging was followed by firearms (9.7%) and poisoning by drugs (8.6%); for females, by poisoning by drugs (24.7%) and jumping from a high place (14.5%). Only in Switzerland did hanging rank as second for males after firearms. Hanging ranked first among females in eight countries, poisoning by drugs in five and jumping from a high place in three. In all countries, males had a higher risk than females of using firearms and hanging and a lower risk of poisoning by drugs, drowning and jumping. Grouping showed that countries might be divided into five main groups among males; for females, grouping did not yield clear results. Conclusions: Research on suicide methods could lead to the development of gender-specific intervention strategies. Nevertheless, other approaches, such as better identification and treatment of mental disorders and the improvement of toxicological aid should be put in place.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
    Volume
    62
    Publisher URI
    http://group.bmj.com/products/journals
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.065391
    Copyright Statement
    © The Author(s) 2008 . This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. It is posted here with permission of the copyright owners for your personal use only. No further distribution permitted. For information about this journal please refer to the publisher's website or contact the authors.
    Subject
    Epidemiology not elsewhere classified
    Human geography
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/26731
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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