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  • The anti-mutagenic and antioxidant effects of bile pigments in the Ames Salmonella test

    Author(s)
    Bulmer, AC
    Ried, K
    Coombes, JS
    Blanchfield, JT
    Toth, I
    Wagner, KH
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Bulmer, Andrew C.
    Year published
    2007
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The aim of this study was to explore the potential pro- and anti-mutagenic effects of endogenous bile pigments unconjugated bilirubin (BR), biliverdin (BV) and a synthetic, water soluble conjugate, bilirubin ditaurate (BRT) in the Ames Salmonella test. The bile pigments were tested over a wide concentration range (0.01-2 孯l/plate) in the presence of three bacterial strains (TA98, TA100, TA102). A variety of mutagens including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 2,4,7 trinitrofluorenone (TNFone), 2-aminofluorene (2-AF), sodium azide (NaN3) and tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), were used to promote the formation of mutant revertants. ...
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    The aim of this study was to explore the potential pro- and anti-mutagenic effects of endogenous bile pigments unconjugated bilirubin (BR), biliverdin (BV) and a synthetic, water soluble conjugate, bilirubin ditaurate (BRT) in the Ames Salmonella test. The bile pigments were tested over a wide concentration range (0.01-2 孯l/plate) in the presence of three bacterial strains (TA98, TA100, TA102). A variety of mutagens including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 2,4,7 trinitrofluorenone (TNFone), 2-aminofluorene (2-AF), sodium azide (NaN3) and tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), were used to promote the formation of mutant revertants. Tests were conducted with (B[a]P, 2-AF, t-BuOOH) and without (TNFone, NaN3, t-BuOOH) metabolic activation incorporating the addition of the microsomal liver preparation, S9. The bile pigments alone did not induce mutagenicity in any of the strains tested (p > 0.05). Anti-mutagenic effects of the bile pigments were observed in the presence of all mutagens except for NaN3 and the anti-mutagenic effects appeared independent of the strain tested. For TNFone induced genotoxicity, the order of effectiveness was BR = BRT > BV. However, the order was BV = BRT = BR for 2-AF. Antioxidant testing in the TA102 strain revealed bile pigments could effectively inhibit the genotoxic effect of t-BuOOH induced oxidative stress. The apparent antioxidant and anti-mutagenic behaviour of bile pigments further suggests their presence in biological systems is of possible physiological importance.
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    Journal Title
    Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
    Volume
    629
    Issue
    2
    Publisher URI
    http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/522820/description#description
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.01.008
    Subject
    Environmental biotechnology
    Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/27433
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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