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  • Protective Efficacy of the Antioxidants Vitamin E and Trolox Against Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystin-LR in Artemia franciscana Nauplii

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    Author(s)
    Ruebhart, David R
    Wickramasinghe, Wasantha
    Cock, Ian E
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Cock, Ian E.
    Ruebhart, David R.
    Year published
    2009
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    Abstract
    This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of the antioxidants vitamin E and Trolox (a water-soluble vitamin E derivative) against the toxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), Microcystis aeruginosa aqueous extract (CE), and a reference toxin, menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), in Artemia franciscana nauplii. This was achieved by using the well-established brine shrimp bioassay. The experiment was conducted in 2 stages, with (1) 12-h mortality time course and (2) LC50 determination for 12- and 24-h exposures. Treatments consisted of MC-LR, CE, and MSB alone and with 4-h pretreatments of either vitamin E or ...
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    This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective efficacy of the antioxidants vitamin E and Trolox (a water-soluble vitamin E derivative) against the toxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), Microcystis aeruginosa aqueous extract (CE), and a reference toxin, menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), in Artemia franciscana nauplii. This was achieved by using the well-established brine shrimp bioassay. The experiment was conducted in 2 stages, with (1) 12-h mortality time course and (2) LC50 determination for 12- and 24-h exposures. Treatments consisted of MC-LR, CE, and MSB alone and with 4-h pretreatments of either vitamin E or Trolox. Sensitivity of A. franciscana nauplii with 24-h LC50 values of 11 (10.1-12.1) mg/ml for MSB and 9.5 (8.8-10.4) mg/ml for MC-LR were in general agreement with values reported for Artemia sp. Both antioxidant pretreatments resulted in significant reductions in mortality of approximately 50% at 9 h postexposure when challenged by either 40 mg/ml MC-LR or 20 mg/ml MSB. In contrast, the antioxidant pretreatments offered little to no protection from CE, suggesting that other uncharacterized bioactive compounds contributed to overall toxicity. The described bioassay is easily accessible, inexpensive, rapid, and complies with animal ethics guidelines of many countries, and thus provides a potential alternative to the mouse bioassay for the initial screening for chemoprotectants against MC-LR toxicity.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A
    Volume
    72
    Issue
    24
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390903232459
    Copyright Statement
    © 2009 Taylor & Francis. This is an electronic version of an article published in Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health Part A [Volume, Issue, Year, Pages]. Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health Part A is available online at: http://www.informaworld.com with the open URL of your article.
    Subject
    Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
    Chemical Sciences
    Environmental Sciences
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/30530
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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