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  • Understanding protected area resilience: A multi-scale, social-ecological approach

    Author(s)
    Cumming, Graeme S
    Allen, Craig R
    Ban, Natalie C
    Biggs, Duan
    Biggs, Harry C
    Cumming, David HM
    De Vos, Alta
    Epstein, Graham
    Etienne, Michel
    Maciejewski, Kristine
    Mathevet, Raphael
    Moore, Christine
    Nenadovic, Mateja
    Schoon, Michael
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Biggs, Duan
    Year published
    2015
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Protected areas (PAs) remain central to the conservation of biodiversity. Classical PAs were conceived as areas that would be set aside to maintain a natural state with minimal human influence. However, global environmental change and growing cross-scale anthropogenic influences mean that PAs can no longer be thought of as ecological islands that function independently of the broader social-ecological system in which they are located. For PAs to be resilient (and to contribute to broader social-ecological resilience), they must be able to adapt to changing social and ecological conditions over time in a way that supports the ...
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    Protected areas (PAs) remain central to the conservation of biodiversity. Classical PAs were conceived as areas that would be set aside to maintain a natural state with minimal human influence. However, global environmental change and growing cross-scale anthropogenic influences mean that PAs can no longer be thought of as ecological islands that function independently of the broader social-ecological system in which they are located. For PAs to be resilient (and to contribute to broader social-ecological resilience), they must be able to adapt to changing social and ecological conditions over time in a way that supports the long-term persistence of populations, communities, and ecosystems of conservation concern. We extend Ostrom's social-ecological systems framework to consider the long-term persistence of PAs, as a form of land use embedded in social-ecological systems, with important cross-scale feedbacks. Most notably, we highlight the cross-scale influences and feedbacks on PAs that exist from the local to the global scale, contextualizing PAs within multi-scale social-ecological functional landscapes. Such functional landscapes are integral to understand and manage individual PAs for long-term sustainability. We illustrate our conceptual contribution with three case studies that highlight cross-scale feedbacks and social-ecological interactions in the functioning of PAs and in relation to regional resilience. Our analysis suggests that while ecological, economic, and social processes are often directly relevant to PAs at finer scales, at broader scales, the dominant processes that shape and alter PA resilience are primarily social and economic.
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    Journal Title
    Ecological Applications
    Volume
    25
    Issue
    2
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1890/13-2113.1
    Subject
    Environmental sciences
    Ecological applications not elsewhere classified
    Biological sciences
    Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/339480
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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