dc.contributor.author | Lau, Jennifer YF | |
dc.contributor.author | Waters, Allison M | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-06-12T01:23:40Z | |
dc.date.available | 2017-06-12T01:23:40Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 0021-9630 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/jcpp.12653 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10072/339526 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Anxiety and depression occurring during childhood and adolescence are common and costly. While
early-emerging anxiety and depression can arise through a complex interplay of ‘distal’ factors such as genetic and
environmental influences, temperamental characteristics and brain circuitry, the more proximal mechanisms that
transfer risks on symptoms are poorly delineated. Information-processing biases, which differentiate youth with and
without anxiety and/or depression, could act as proximal mechanisms that mediate more distal risks on symptoms.
This article reviews the literature on information-processing biases, their associations with anxiety and depression
symptoms in youth and with other distal risk factors, to provide direction for further research. Methods: Based on
strategic searches of the literature, we consider how youth with and without anxiety and/or depression vary in how
they deploy attention to social-affective stimuli, discriminate between threat and safety cues, retain memories of
negative events and appraise ambiguous information. We discuss how these information-processing biases are
similarly or differentially expressed on anxiety and depression and whether these biases are linked to genetic and
environmental factors, temperamental characteristics and patterns of brain circuitry functioning implicated in
anxiety and depression. Findings: Biases in attention and appraisal characterise both youth anxiety and depression
but with some differences in how these are expressed for each symptom type. Difficulties in threat-safety cue
discrimination characterise anxiety and are understudied in depression, while biases in the retrieval of negative and
overgeneral memories have been observed in depression but are understudied in anxiety. Information-processing
biases have been studied in relation to some distal factors but not systematically, so relationships remain
inconclusive. Conclusions: Biases in attention, threat-safety cue discrimination, memory and appraisal may
characterise anxiety and/or depression risk. We discuss future research directions that can more systematically test
whether these biases act as proximal mechanisms that mediate other distal risk factors. Keywords: Anxiety;
depression; risk factors. | |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Yes | |
dc.language | English | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.publisher | Blackwell Publishing | |
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom | 387 | |
dc.relation.ispartofpageto | 407 | |
dc.relation.ispartofissue | 4 | |
dc.relation.ispartofjournal | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry | |
dc.relation.ispartofvolume | 58 | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearch | Clinical sciences | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearch | Psychology | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearch | Other psychology not elsewhere classified | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearch | Cognitive and computational psychology | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode | 3202 | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode | 52 | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode | 529999 | |
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode | 5204 | |
dc.title | Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression | |
dc.type | Journal article | |
dc.type.description | C1 - Articles | |
dc.type.code | C - Journal Articles | |
dcterms.license | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.description.version | Version of Record (VoR) | |
gro.rights.copyright | © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. | |
gro.hasfulltext | Full Text | |
gro.griffith.author | Waters, Allison M. | |