Dietary-Induced Obesity Hastens the Progression From Concentric Cardiac Hypertrophy to Pump Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
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Author(s)
Majane, OHI
Vengethasamy, L
Du Toit, EF
Makaula, S
Woodiwiss, AJ
Norton, GR
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2009
Metadata
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We explored whether dietary-induced obesity hastens the transition from concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy to pump dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and the mechanisms thereof. After feeding rats a diet for 4 to 5 months, obesity was induced in SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats. Obesity was not associated with abnormal blood glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin) or with increases in systolic blood pressure. However, in SHRs, but not in WKY rats, obesity was associated with a reduced LV chamber systolic function, as determined by echocardiography, and in isolated perfused heart ...
View more >We explored whether dietary-induced obesity hastens the transition from concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy to pump dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and the mechanisms thereof. After feeding rats a diet for 4 to 5 months, obesity was induced in SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats. Obesity was not associated with abnormal blood glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin) or with increases in systolic blood pressure. However, in SHRs, but not in WKY rats, obesity was associated with a reduced LV chamber systolic function, as determined by echocardiography, and in isolated perfused heart studies. A marked increase in LV end diastolic diameter and a right shift in the LV diastolic pressure-volume relation were noted in obese SHRs but not in obese WKY rats. Moreover, LV intrinsic myocardial systolic function, as determined from the slope of the linearized LV systolic stress-strain relationship (LV myocardial end systolic elastance), was markedly reduced in obese as compared with lean SHRs, whereas LV myocardial end systolic elastance was maintained in obese WKY rats. Obesity increased LV weight, cardiomyocyte width, cardiomyocyte apoptosis (TUNEL), the activity of myocardial matrix metalloproteinases (zymography), and serum leptin concentrations in SHRs but not in WKY rats. In conclusion, SHRs are susceptible to the adverse effects of dietary-induced obesity on the heart, an effect that hastens the progression from concentric LV hypertrophy to pump dysfunction independent of blood pressure changes or alterations in glycosylated hemoglobin. This effect may be mediated through a proclivity of SHRs to developing both obesity-induced effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and activation of myocardial collagenases through leptin resistance and obesity-induced hypertrophy.
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View more >We explored whether dietary-induced obesity hastens the transition from concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy to pump dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and the mechanisms thereof. After feeding rats a diet for 4 to 5 months, obesity was induced in SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats. Obesity was not associated with abnormal blood glucose control (glycosylated hemoglobin) or with increases in systolic blood pressure. However, in SHRs, but not in WKY rats, obesity was associated with a reduced LV chamber systolic function, as determined by echocardiography, and in isolated perfused heart studies. A marked increase in LV end diastolic diameter and a right shift in the LV diastolic pressure-volume relation were noted in obese SHRs but not in obese WKY rats. Moreover, LV intrinsic myocardial systolic function, as determined from the slope of the linearized LV systolic stress-strain relationship (LV myocardial end systolic elastance), was markedly reduced in obese as compared with lean SHRs, whereas LV myocardial end systolic elastance was maintained in obese WKY rats. Obesity increased LV weight, cardiomyocyte width, cardiomyocyte apoptosis (TUNEL), the activity of myocardial matrix metalloproteinases (zymography), and serum leptin concentrations in SHRs but not in WKY rats. In conclusion, SHRs are susceptible to the adverse effects of dietary-induced obesity on the heart, an effect that hastens the progression from concentric LV hypertrophy to pump dysfunction independent of blood pressure changes or alterations in glycosylated hemoglobin. This effect may be mediated through a proclivity of SHRs to developing both obesity-induced effects on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and activation of myocardial collagenases through leptin resistance and obesity-induced hypertrophy.
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Journal Title
Hypertension
Volume
54
Issue
6
Copyright Statement
© 2009 LWW. This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Hypertension Volume 54, Issue 6, 1376-1383. Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal link for access to the definitive, published version.
Subject
Zoology not elsewhere classified
Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Clinical sciences