Bioaccumulation and Biodistribution of Selenium in Metamorphosing Tadpoles

Abstract

Selenium is an important macronutrient with a very narrow margin between essentiality and toxicity. Amphibians are hypothesized to be particularly sensitive due to the potential for metamorphosis-driven mobilization, which could transfer or concentrate contaminant burdens within specific organs. We explored the potential role of tissue degeneration and remodeling during anuran metamorphosis as a mechanism for altering tissue-specific Se burdens. Limnodynastes peronii tadpoles were exposed to dissolved 75Se (as selenite) for 7 days and depurated until completion of metamorphosis. Bioaccumulation and retention kinetics were assessed in whole tadpoles and excised tissues using gamma spectroscopy, and temporal changes in biodistribution were assessed using autoradiography. Tadpoles retained Se throughout metamorphosis, and partitioned the element predominantly within digestive and excretory tissues, including livers > mesonephros > guts > gallbladder. Importantly, our results demonstrate that Se biodistribution varies significantly throughout development. This is indicative of tissue transference, and particularly in tissues developing de novo after depuration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating Se transference during metamorphic tissue remodelling. Further research is warranted to explore the fate and metabolism of Se (and other metal and metalloids) during anuran development and the implications of transference for influencing toxicity.