Stem cells and their niche in the adult olfactory mucosa

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Author(s)
Mackay-Sim, A
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2010
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
It is well known that new neurons are produced in the adult brain, in the hippocampus and in the subventricular zone. The neural progenitors formed in the subventricular zone migrate forward and join in neural circuits as interneurons in the olfactory bulb, the target for axons from the olfactory sensory neurons in the nose. These neurons are also continually replaced during adulthood from a stem cell in a neurogenic niche in the olfactory epithelium. The stem cell responsible can regenerate all the cells of the olfactory epithelium if damaged by trauma or toxins. This stem cell, the horizontal basal cell, is in a niche ...
View more >It is well known that new neurons are produced in the adult brain, in the hippocampus and in the subventricular zone. The neural progenitors formed in the subventricular zone migrate forward and join in neural circuits as interneurons in the olfactory bulb, the target for axons from the olfactory sensory neurons in the nose. These neurons are also continually replaced during adulthood from a stem cell in a neurogenic niche in the olfactory epithelium. The stem cell responsible can regenerate all the cells of the olfactory epithelium if damaged by trauma or toxins. This stem cell, the horizontal basal cell, is in a niche defined by the extra cellular matrix of the basement membrane as well as the many growth factors expressed by surrounding cells and hormones from nearby vasculature. A multipotent cell has been isolated from the olfactory mucosa that can give rise to cells of endodermal and mesodermal origin as well as the expected neural lineage. Whether this is an additional stem cell or the horizontal basal cell is still an open question.
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View more >It is well known that new neurons are produced in the adult brain, in the hippocampus and in the subventricular zone. The neural progenitors formed in the subventricular zone migrate forward and join in neural circuits as interneurons in the olfactory bulb, the target for axons from the olfactory sensory neurons in the nose. These neurons are also continually replaced during adulthood from a stem cell in a neurogenic niche in the olfactory epithelium. The stem cell responsible can regenerate all the cells of the olfactory epithelium if damaged by trauma or toxins. This stem cell, the horizontal basal cell, is in a niche defined by the extra cellular matrix of the basement membrane as well as the many growth factors expressed by surrounding cells and hormones from nearby vasculature. A multipotent cell has been isolated from the olfactory mucosa that can give rise to cells of endodermal and mesodermal origin as well as the expected neural lineage. Whether this is an additional stem cell or the horizontal basal cell is still an open question.
View less >
Journal Title
Archives Italiennes de Biologie
Volume
148
Issue
2
Copyright Statement
© 2010 Universita degli Studi di Pisa. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
Subject
Cell development, proliferation and death
Zoology
Neurosciences
Neurology and neuromuscular diseases