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  • Street Network Structure and Crime Risk: An Agent?Based Investigation of The Encounter and Enclosure Hypotheses

    Author(s)
    Birks, Daniel
    Davies, Toby
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Birks, Daniel J.
    Year published
    2017
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Street networks shape day‐to‐day activities in complex ways, dictating where, when, and in what contexts potential victims, offenders, and crime preventers interact with one another. Identifying generalizable principles of such influence offers considerable utility to theorists, policy makers, and practitioners. Unfortunately, key difficulties associated with the observation of these interactions, and control of the settings within which they take place, limit traditional empirical approaches that aim to uncover mechanisms linking street network structure with crime risk. By drawing on parallel advances in the formal analyses ...
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    Street networks shape day‐to‐day activities in complex ways, dictating where, when, and in what contexts potential victims, offenders, and crime preventers interact with one another. Identifying generalizable principles of such influence offers considerable utility to theorists, policy makers, and practitioners. Unfortunately, key difficulties associated with the observation of these interactions, and control of the settings within which they take place, limit traditional empirical approaches that aim to uncover mechanisms linking street network structure with crime risk. By drawing on parallel advances in the formal analyses of street networks and the computational modeling of crime events interactions, we present a theoretically informed and empirically validated agent‐based model of residential burglary that permits investigation of the relationship between street network structure and crime commission and prevention through guardianship. Through the use of this model, we explore the validity of competing theoretical accounts of street network permeability and crime risk—the encounter (eyes on the street) and enclosure (defensible space) hypotheses. The results of our analyses provide support for both hypotheses, but in doing so, they reveal that the relationship between street network permeability and crime is likely nonlinear. We discuss the ramifications of these findings for both criminological theory and crime prevention practice.
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    Journal Title
    Criminology
    Volume
    55
    Issue
    4
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12163
    Subject
    Criminology not elsewhere classified
    Criminology
    Applied Ethics
    Philosophy
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/373195
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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