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  • Sex differences in large conducting airway anatomy

    Author(s)
    Dominelli, Paolo B
    Ripoll, Juan G
    Cross, Troy J
    Baker, Sarah E
    Wiggins, Chad C
    Welch, Brian T
    Joyner, Michael J
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Cross, Troy J.
    Year published
    2018
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Airway luminal area is the major determinant of resistance to airflow in the tracheobronchial tree. Women may have smaller central conducting airways than men; however, previous evidence is confounded by an indirect assessment of airway geometry and by subjects with prior smoking history. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sex on airway size in healthy nonsmokers. Using low-dose high-resolution computed tomography, we retrospectively assessed airway luminal area in healthy men (n = 51) and women (n = 73) of varying ages (19–86 yr). Subjects with a positive smoking history, cardiopulmonary disease, or a ...
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    Airway luminal area is the major determinant of resistance to airflow in the tracheobronchial tree. Women may have smaller central conducting airways than men; however, previous evidence is confounded by an indirect assessment of airway geometry and by subjects with prior smoking history. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sex on airway size in healthy nonsmokers. Using low-dose high-resolution computed tomography, we retrospectively assessed airway luminal area in healthy men (n = 51) and women (n = 73) of varying ages (19–86 yr). Subjects with a positive smoking history, cardiopulmonary disease, or a body mass index > 40 kg/m2 were excluded. Luminal areas of the trachea, right and left main bronchus, bronchus intermediate, left and right upper lobes, and the left lower lobe were analyzed at three discrete points. The luminal areas of the conducting airways were ~26%–35% smaller in women. The trachea had the largest differences in luminal area between men and women (298 ± 47 vs. 195 ± 28 mm2 or 35% smaller for men and women, respectively), whereas the left lower lobe had the smallest differences (57 ± 15 vs. 42 ± 9 mm2 or 26% smaller for men and women, respectively). When a subset of subjects was matched for height, the sex differences in airway luminal area persisted, with women being ~20%–30% smaller. With all subjects, there were modest relationships between height and airway luminal area (r = 0.73–0.53, P < 0.05). Although there was considerable overlap between sexes, the luminal areas of the large conducting airways were smaller in healthy women than in men.
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    Journal Title
    JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
    Volume
    125
    Issue
    3
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00440.2018
    Subject
    Biological sciences
    Biomedical and clinical sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/383254
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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