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  • Placental adaptations to micronutrient dysregulation in the programming of chronic disease

    Author(s)
    Hofstee, Pierre
    McKeating, Daniel R
    Perkins, Anthony V
    Cuffe, James SM
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Cuffe, James S.
    McKeating, Daniel R.
    Perkins, Anthony V.
    Hofstee, Pierre D.
    Year published
    2018
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Poor nutrition during pregnancy is known to impair foetal development and increase the risk of chronic disease in offspring. Both macronutrients and micronutrients are required for a healthy pregnancy although significantly less is understood about the role of micronutrients in the programming of chronic disease. This is despite the fact that modern calorie rich diets are often also deficient in key micronutrients. The importance of micronutrients in gestational disorders is clearly understood but how they impact long term disease in humans requires further investigation. In contrast, animal studies have demonstrated how ...
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    Poor nutrition during pregnancy is known to impair foetal development and increase the risk of chronic disease in offspring. Both macronutrients and micronutrients are required for a healthy pregnancy although significantly less is understood about the role of micronutrients in the programming of chronic disease. This is despite the fact that modern calorie rich diets are often also deficient in key micronutrients. The importance of micronutrients in gestational disorders is clearly understood but how they impact long term disease in humans requires further investigation. In contrast, animal studies have demonstrated how diets high or low in specific micronutrients influence offspring physiology. Many of these studies highlight the importance of the placenta in determining disease risk. This review will explore the effects of individual vitamins, minerals and trace elements on offspring disease outcomes and discuss several key placental adaptations that are affected by multiple micronutrients. These placental adaptations include micronutrient induced dysregulation of oxidative stress, altered methyl donor availability and its impact on epigenetic mechanisms as well as endocrine dysfunction. Critical gaps in our current knowledge and the relative importance of different micronutrients at different gestational ages will also be highlighted. Finally, this review will discuss the need for further studies to characterise the micronutrient status of Australian women of reproductive age and correlate micronutrient status to placental adaptations, pregnancy complications and offspring disease.
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    Journal Title
    CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
    Volume
    45
    Issue
    8
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12954
    Subject
    Zoology
    Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
    Medical physiology
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/383353
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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