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  • Effects of periconceptional maternal alcohol intake and a postnatal high-fat diet on obesity and liver disease in male and female rat offspring

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    Accepted Manuscript (AM)
    Author(s)
    Gardebjer, Emelie M
    Cuffe, James SM
    Ward, Leigh C
    Steane, Sarah
    Anderson, Stephen T
    Dorey, Emily S
    Kalisch-Smith, Jacinta
    Pantaleon, Marie
    Chong, Suyinn
    Yamada, Lisa
    Wlodek, Mary E
    Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle
    Moritz, Karen M
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Cuffe, James S.
    Year published
    2018
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    Abstract
    The effects of maternal alcohol consumption around the time of conception on offspring are largely unknown and difficult to determine in a human population. This study utilized a rodent model to examine if periconceptional alcohol (PC:EtOH) consumption, alone or in combination with a postnatal high-fat diet (HFD), resulted in obesity and liver dysfunction. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control or an ethanol-containing [12.5% (vol/vol) EtOH] liquid diet from 4 days before mating until 4 days of gestation (n = 12/group). A subset of offspring was fed a HFD between 3 and 8 mo of age. In males, PC:EtOH and HFD increased total ...
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    The effects of maternal alcohol consumption around the time of conception on offspring are largely unknown and difficult to determine in a human population. This study utilized a rodent model to examine if periconceptional alcohol (PC:EtOH) consumption, alone or in combination with a postnatal high-fat diet (HFD), resulted in obesity and liver dysfunction. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control or an ethanol-containing [12.5% (vol/vol) EtOH] liquid diet from 4 days before mating until 4 days of gestation (n = 12/group). A subset of offspring was fed a HFD between 3 and 8 mo of age. In males, PC:EtOH and HFD increased total body fat mass (PPC:EtOH < 0.05, PHFD < 0.0001); in females, only HFD increased fat mass (PHFD < 0.0001). PC:EtOH increased microvesicular liver steatosis in male, but not female, offspring. Plasma triglycerides, HDL, and cholesterol were increased in PC:EtOH-exposed males (PPC:EtOH < 0.05), and LDL, cholesterol, and leptin (Lep) were increased in PC:EtOH-exposed females (PPC:EtOH < 0.05). mRNA levels of Tnf-α and Lep in visceral adipose tissue were increased by PC:EtOH in both sexes (PPC:EtOH < 0.05), and Il-6 mRNA was increased in males (PPC:EtOH < 0.05). These findings were associated with reduced expression of microRNA-26a, a known regulator of IL-6 and TNF-α. Alcohol exposure around conception increases obesity risk, alters plasma lipid and leptin profiles, and induces liver steatosis in a sex-specific manner. These programmed phenotypes were similar to those caused by a postnatal HFD, particularly in male offspring. These results have implications for the health of offspring whose mothers consumed alcohol around the time of conception.
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    Journal Title
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
    Volume
    315
    Issue
    4
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00251.2017
    Copyright Statement
    © 2018 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. It is posted here with permission of the copyright owner(s) for your personal use only. No further distribution permitted. For information about this journal please refer to the journal’s website or contact the author(s).
    Subject
    Biological Sciences
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/383354
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    • Journal articles

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