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dc.contributor.authorAbraha, Michael
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Stephen K
dc.contributor.authorChen, Jiquan
dc.contributor.authorRobertson, G Philip
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-19T13:05:11Z
dc.date.available2019-06-19T13:05:11Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.issn0168-1923
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.016
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/384943
dc.description.abstractLand use changes into and out of agricultural production may substantially influence ecosystem carbon (C) balance for many years. We examined ecosystem C balances for eight years after the conversion of 22 year-old Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands and formerly tilled agricultural fields (AGR) to annual (continuous no-till corn) and perennial (switchgrass and restored prairie) cropland. An unconverted CRP field (CRP-Ref) was maintained as a historical reference. Ecosystem C balance was assessed using adjusted net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEEadj) calculated by adding C removed in harvested biomass to NEE measured using eddy covariance method. The cumulative NEEadj of the corn and perennial systems on former CRP fields showed that these systems were a net C source to the atmosphere over the 8-year period while on former AGR fields, the perennial systems were net C sinks and the corn system near-neutral. The CRP-Ref was near neutral until a drought year when it became a net source. The corn system on the CRP field will likely reach a new lower soil C equilibrium at least 14 years after conversion but will never regain the C lost upon conversion under current no-till management with residue partially removed. On the other hand, the perennial systems could fully regain in ∼14 years the C lost following conversion. The cumulative NEEadj of the corn systems exhibited a higher C emission than did the perennial systems within the same land use histories, reflecting the dominant role of crop type and management in agricultural ecosystem C balance. Results suggest that converting croplands to grasslands results in immediate C gains whereas converting grasslands to croplands results in permanent (no-till corn with partial residue removal) or temporary (perennial herbaceous crops) net C loss to the atmosphere. This has a significant implications for global climate change mitigation where biomass production from annual and perennial crops is promoted to avoid fossil-fuel C emissions (biofuel) or to remove CO2 from the atmosphere (bioenergy C capture and storage).
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier Science
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom151
dc.relation.ispartofpageto160
dc.relation.ispartofjournalAGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
dc.relation.ispartofvolume253
dc.subject.fieldofresearchEarth sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchBiological sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchAgricultural, veterinary and food sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode37
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode31
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode30
dc.titleEcosystem carbon exchange on conversion of Conservation Reserve Program grasslands to annual and perennial cropping systems
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
dcterms.licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.description.versionVersion of Record (VoR)
gro.rights.copyright© 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND license, which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, providing that the work is properly cited.
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorHamilton, Stephen K.


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