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  • Vulnerability of seagrass blue carbon to microbial attack following exposure to warming and oxygen

    Author(s)
    Macreadie, P
    Atwood, TB
    Seymour, JR
    Fontes, ML Schmitz
    Sanderman, J
    Nielsen, DA
    Connolly, RM
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Connolly, Rod M.
    Year published
    2019
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Seagrass meadows store globally-significant quantities of organic ‘blue’ carbon. These blue carbon stocks are potentially vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors (e.g. coastal development, climate change). Here, we tested the impact of oxygen exposure and warming (major consequences of human disturbance) on rates of microbial carbon break-down in seagrass sediments. Active microbes occurred throughout seagrass sediment profiles, but deep, ancient sediments (~5000 yrs. old) contained only 3% of the abundance of active microbes as young, surface sediments (<2 yrs. old). Metagenomic analysis revealed that microbial community ...
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    Seagrass meadows store globally-significant quantities of organic ‘blue’ carbon. These blue carbon stocks are potentially vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors (e.g. coastal development, climate change). Here, we tested the impact of oxygen exposure and warming (major consequences of human disturbance) on rates of microbial carbon break-down in seagrass sediments. Active microbes occurred throughout seagrass sediment profiles, but deep, ancient sediments (~5000 yrs. old) contained only 3% of the abundance of active microbes as young, surface sediments (<2 yrs. old). Metagenomic analysis revealed that microbial community structure and function changed with depth, with a shift from proteobacteria and high levels of genes involved in sulfur cycling in the near surface samples, to a higher proportion of firmicutes and euraracheota and genes involved in methanogenesis at depth. Ancient carbon consisted almost entirely (97%) of carbon considered ‘thermally recalcitrant’, and therefore presumably inaccessible to microbial attack. Experimental warming had little impact on carbon; however, exposure of ancient sediments to oxygen increased microbial abundance, carbon uptake and sediment carbon turnover (34–38 fold). Overall, this study provides detailed characterization of seagrass blue carbon (chemical stability, age, associated microbes) and suggests that environmental disturbances that expose coastal sediments to oxygen (e.g. dredging) have the capacity to diminish seagrass sediment carbon stocks by facilitating microbial remineralisation.
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    Journal Title
    Science of the Total Environment
    Volume
    686
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.462
    Subject
    Biological oceanography
    Chemical oceanography
    Environmental sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/385887
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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