Diet-induced weight loss alone or combined with exercise in overweight or obese people with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Author(s)
Hall, Michelle
Castelein, Birgit
Wittoek, Ruth
Calders, Patrick
Van Ginckel, Ans
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2019
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Objectives:
The purposes were to (i) determine the effect of diet-only treatments and combined diet and exercise treatments on pain and physical function and (ii) explore the effect of these treatments on inflammatory biomarkers in overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods:
Five electronic databases were searched until March 2017. Randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of non-surgical non-pharmacological weight loss treatment, with or without exercise, on self-reported pain and/or physical function and/or inflammatory biomarkers were selected. Two review authors independently extracted ...
View more >Objectives: The purposes were to (i) determine the effect of diet-only treatments and combined diet and exercise treatments on pain and physical function and (ii) explore the effect of these treatments on inflammatory biomarkers in overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched until March 2017. Randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of non-surgical non-pharmacological weight loss treatment, with or without exercise, on self-reported pain and/or physical function and/or inflammatory biomarkers were selected. Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias for each study. Standardised mean differences (SMD) of outcomes were pooled as appropriate, using a random effects approach. Results: 2676 articles were identified, 19 met review criteria and 9 met criteria for meta-analyses. Diet-only treatments did not reduce pain (SMD −0.13; 95% confidence interval, CI: −0.37, 0.10; I2 = 49%) while a combination of diet and exercise treatments did reduce pain moderately (SMD −0.37; 95%CI: −0.69, −0.04; I2 = 54%). Physical function improved moderately with diet treatments (SMD −0.30; 95%CI: −0.52, −0.08; I2 = 47%) and combined diet and exercise treatments (SMD −0.32; 95%CI: −0.56, −0.08; I2 = 24%). Of the inflammatory markers assessed, only IL-6 reduced with diet-only treatments (SMD −0.23; 95%CI: −0.45, −0.02; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Overall, moderate pain-relief is achievable with a combination of diet and exercise, but potentially not with diet-only treatments. Findings support that either diet-only treatments or combined diet and exercise treatments moderately improve physical function. Overall, treatment effects on inflammatory biomarkers are questionable.
View less >
View more >Objectives: The purposes were to (i) determine the effect of diet-only treatments and combined diet and exercise treatments on pain and physical function and (ii) explore the effect of these treatments on inflammatory biomarkers in overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched until March 2017. Randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of non-surgical non-pharmacological weight loss treatment, with or without exercise, on self-reported pain and/or physical function and/or inflammatory biomarkers were selected. Two review authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias for each study. Standardised mean differences (SMD) of outcomes were pooled as appropriate, using a random effects approach. Results: 2676 articles were identified, 19 met review criteria and 9 met criteria for meta-analyses. Diet-only treatments did not reduce pain (SMD −0.13; 95% confidence interval, CI: −0.37, 0.10; I2 = 49%) while a combination of diet and exercise treatments did reduce pain moderately (SMD −0.37; 95%CI: −0.69, −0.04; I2 = 54%). Physical function improved moderately with diet treatments (SMD −0.30; 95%CI: −0.52, −0.08; I2 = 47%) and combined diet and exercise treatments (SMD −0.32; 95%CI: −0.56, −0.08; I2 = 24%). Of the inflammatory markers assessed, only IL-6 reduced with diet-only treatments (SMD −0.23; 95%CI: −0.45, −0.02; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Overall, moderate pain-relief is achievable with a combination of diet and exercise, but potentially not with diet-only treatments. Findings support that either diet-only treatments or combined diet and exercise treatments moderately improve physical function. Overall, treatment effects on inflammatory biomarkers are questionable.
View less >
Journal Title
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
Volume
48
Issue
5
Subject
Clinical Sciences
Public Health and Health Services