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  • Tracing the rise of malignant cell lines: Distribution, epidemiology and evolutionary interactions of two transmissible cancers in Tasmanian devils

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    Author(s)
    James, Samantha
    Jennings, Geordie
    Kwon, Young Mi
    Stammnitz, Maximilian
    Fraik, Alexandra
    Storfer, Andrew
    Comte, Sebastien
    Pemberton, David
    Fox, Samantha
    Brown, Bill
    Pye, Ruth
    Woods, Gregory
    Lyons, Bruce
    Hohenlohe, Paul A
    McCallum, Hamish
    Siddle, Hannah
    Thomas, Frederic
    Ujvari, Beata
    Murchison, Elizabeth P
    Jones, Menna
    Hamede, Rodrigo
    Griffith University Author(s)
    McCallum, Hamish
    Year published
    2019
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    Abstract
    Emerging infectious diseases are rising globally and understanding host‐pathogen interactions during the initial stages of disease emergence is essential for assessing potential evolutionary dynamics and designing novel management strategies. Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) are endangered due to a transmissible cancer—devil facial tumour disease (DFTD)—that since its emergence in the 1990s, has affected most populations throughout Tasmania. Recent studies suggest that devils are adapting to the DFTD epidemic and that disease‐induced extinction is unlikely. However, in 2014, a second and independently evolved transmissible ...
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    Emerging infectious diseases are rising globally and understanding host‐pathogen interactions during the initial stages of disease emergence is essential for assessing potential evolutionary dynamics and designing novel management strategies. Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) are endangered due to a transmissible cancer—devil facial tumour disease (DFTD)—that since its emergence in the 1990s, has affected most populations throughout Tasmania. Recent studies suggest that devils are adapting to the DFTD epidemic and that disease‐induced extinction is unlikely. However, in 2014, a second and independently evolved transmissible cancer—devil facial tumour 2 (DFT2)—was discovered at the d’Entrecasteaux peninsula, in south‐east Tasmania, suggesting that the species is prone to transmissible cancers. To date, there is little information about the distribution, epidemiology and effects of DFT2 and its interaction with DFTD. Here, we use data from monitoring surveys and roadkills found within and adjacent to the d’Entrecasteaux peninsula to determine the distribution of both cancers and to compare their epidemiological patterns. Since 2012, a total of 51 DFTD tumours have been confirmed among 26 individuals inside the peninsula and its surroundings, while 40 DFT2 tumours have been confirmed among 23 individuals, and two individuals co‐infected with both tumours. All devils with DFT2 were found within the d’Entrecasteaux peninsula, suggesting that this new transmissible cancer is geographically confined to this area. We found significant differences in tumour bodily location in DFTD and DFT2, with non‐facial tumours more commonly found in DFT2. There was a significant sex bias in DFT2, with most cases reported in males, suggesting that since DFT2 originated from a male host, females might be less susceptible to this cancer. We discuss the implications of our results for understanding the epidemiological and evolutionary interactions of these two contemporary transmissible cancers and evaluating the effectiveness of potential management strategies.
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    Journal Title
    Evolutionary Applications
    Volume
    12
    Issue
    9
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12831
    Copyright Statement
    © 2019 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Subject
    Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry
    Evolutionary biology
    Genetics
    Science & Technology
    Life Sciences & Biomedicine
    disease ecology
    emerging infectious disease
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/390991
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    • Journal articles

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