Purpose: Samoan communities in Australia exhibit a disproportionate rate of kidney disease compared with other Australians. This article describes a research project that used a culturally sensitive framework, Fa'afaletui, to help reduce the barriers of language and culture and increase our understanding of the factors contributing to kidney disease, in one Samoan community in Australia. Design: Semistructured group interviews were undertaken with Samoan community families and groups. The interviews were analyzed according to key concepts embedded in the Fa'afaletui framework. Findings: Four factors associated with health risks in this Samoan community emerged: diet and exercise, issues related to the collective (incorporating the village, church, and family), tapu or cultural protocols, and the importance of language. Conclusions: The findings suggest that future kidney health promotion initiatives within this Samoan community will be more effective if they are sensitive to Samoan cultural norms, language, and contex