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dc.contributor.authorPerissiou, Maria
dc.contributor.authorBorkoles, Erika
dc.contributor.authorKobayashi, Kent
dc.contributor.authorPolman, Remco
dc.date.accessioned2020-08-11T06:19:15Z
dc.date.available2020-08-11T06:19:15Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu12020482
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/396432
dc.description.abstractBackground: Low-carbohydrate (LC) diets are an effective method for treating obesity and reducing cardiometabolic risk. However, exposure to LC diets is associated with reductions in muscle mass and increased osteoporosis risk in obese individuals. The combination of exercise with a LC diet appears to attenuate muscle mass loss induced by LC diets alone, and to further improve cardiometabolic profile. However, evidence to date in obese individuals is limited. We assessed the effect of LC diet in combination with supervised exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese individuals. Methods: Male and female participants in the experimental (EX-LC; structured supervised exercise program + low-carbohydrate meals; n = 33; 35.3 years) and control (EX-CO; structured supervised exercise program + standard dietary advice; n = 31; 34.2 years) conditions underwent measurements of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), body fat, lean muscle mass (LMM), and cardiometabolic biomarkers before and after an 8 week intervention. Results: Participants in the EX-LC condition demonstrated greater improvements in VO2peak (p = 0.002) and fat mass index (FMI, p = 0.001) compared to the EX-CO condition. Achieving a ketogenic state (β-hydroxybutyrate, βHB ≥0.3 mmol/L) was associated with greater reductions in total body fat (p = 0.011), visceral adipose tissue (p = 0.025), FMI (p = 0.002) and C-reactive protein (CRP, p = 0.041) but also with greater reductions in LMM (p = 0.042). Conclusion: Short-term LC diet combined with prescribed exercise enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness and the cardiometabolic profile of obese individuals but was also associated with greater muscle mass loss compared to similar exercise training and standard dietary advice. The long-term effects of the LC diet should be further explored in future studies.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom482
dc.relation.ispartofissue2
dc.relation.ispartofjournalNutrients
dc.relation.ispartofvolume12
dc.subject.fieldofresearchFood sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchNutrition and dietetics
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3006
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3210
dc.subject.keywordsScience & Technology
dc.subject.keywordsLife Sciences & Biomedicine
dc.subject.keywordslow carbohydrates
dc.subject.keywordsketosis
dc.titleThe Effect of an 8 Week Prescribed Exercise and Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Individuals: A Randomised Controlled Trial
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dcterms.bibliographicCitationPerissiou, M; Borkoles, E; Kobayashi, K; Polman, R, The Effect of an 8 Week Prescribed Exercise and Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Individuals: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Nutrients, 2020, 12 (2), pp. 482
dcterms.dateAccepted2020-02-11
dcterms.licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated2020-08-11T06:16:59Z
dc.description.versionVersion of Record (VoR)
gro.rights.copyright© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorBorkoles, Erika


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