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  • By-Side Impurities in Chloronaphthalene Mixtures of the Halowax Series: All 209 Chlorobiphenyls

    Author(s)
    Noma, Y.
    Ishikawa, Y.
    Falandysz, J.
    Jecek, L.
    Gulkowska, A.
    Miyaji, K.
    Sakai, S.
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Ishikawa, Yukari
    Year published
    2004
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    202 congeners of chlorobiphenyl (CB) with 109 single-resolved compounds and 93 co-eluting, which represented from mono- to deca-CB were quantified as by-side impurities in all seven and of various type the technical chloronaphthalene (CN) formulations of the Halowax series. IUPAC No. 104, 145, 159, 169, 184, 186, and 188 were undetected (<0.05-<0.7ng/g). The total CBs content of the Halowax formulations ranged between 220 and 640,000ng/g, and lower chlorinated Halowaxes 1031 (27% Cl) and 1000 (35% Cl) were two to three orders of magnitude more contaminated with CBs than higher chlorinated Halowax 1001, 1099, 1013, 1014, and ...
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    202 congeners of chlorobiphenyl (CB) with 109 single-resolved compounds and 93 co-eluting, which represented from mono- to deca-CB were quantified as by-side impurities in all seven and of various type the technical chloronaphthalene (CN) formulations of the Halowax series. IUPAC No. 104, 145, 159, 169, 184, 186, and 188 were undetected (<0.05-<0.7ng/g). The total CBs content of the Halowax formulations ranged between 220 and 640,000ng/g, and lower chlorinated Halowaxes 1031 (27% Cl) and 1000 (35% Cl) were two to three orders of magnitude more contaminated with CBs than higher chlorinated Halowax 1001, 1099, 1013, 1014, and 1051 (49-70% Cl). The profile of CB homologue groups of the Halowaxes changed and followed somehow a degree of chlorination of the parent CN mixture. For Halowax 1031 and 1000, a decreasing trend in proportion from mono- to deca-CB was evident, while for Halowax 1001, 1099, 1013, 1014, and 1051 the relative proportions between the CB homologue groups varied somehow. Evidently content of lower chlorinated mono- and di-CBs highly decreased and steadily increased tri- to octa-CBs and they become dominating homologues in Halowax formulations in parallel with an increase of the content of higher molecular weight CN constituents, respectively. Among planar non- and mono-ortho CBs, total concentrations in Halowax formulations were detected in the range of 2.0-2600ng/g, and only 3,3',4,4',5,5'-HxCB (no. 169) was undetected (<0.05ng/g). Detection of by-side CBs in technical Halowaxes demonstrate clearly that those formulations apart from a massive introduction of dioxin-like CNs become in the past also an early source of environmental pollution with CBs, which proceeded for around 20-30 years use of original CB formulations.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
    Volume
    39
    Issue
    8
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1081/ESE-12003937
    Subject
    Instrumental Methods (excl. Immunological and Bioassay Methods)
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/39645
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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