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  • Shear-dependent platelet aggregation size

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    Chan439157-Accepted.pdf (973.2Kb)
    Author(s)
    Chan, CHH
    Inoue, M
    Ki, KK
    Murashige, T
    Fraser, JF
    Simmonds, MJ
    Tansley, GD
    Watanabe, N
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Chan, Hoi Houng
    Simmonds, Michael J.
    Tansley, Geoff
    Inoue, Masataka
    Murashige, Tomotaka
    Fraser, John F.
    Year published
    2020
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Nonsurgical bleeding is the most frequent complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Supraphysiologic shear rates generated in LVAD causes impaired platelet aggregation, which increases the risk of bleeding. The effect of shear rate on the formation size of platelet aggregates has never been reported experimentally, although platelet aggregation size can be considered to be directly relevant to bleeding complications. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of shear rate and exposure time on the formation size of platelet aggregates, which is vital in predicting bleeding in patients with an LVAD. ...
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    Nonsurgical bleeding is the most frequent complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Supraphysiologic shear rates generated in LVAD causes impaired platelet aggregation, which increases the risk of bleeding. The effect of shear rate on the formation size of platelet aggregates has never been reported experimentally, although platelet aggregation size can be considered to be directly relevant to bleeding complications. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of shear rate and exposure time on the formation size of platelet aggregates, which is vital in predicting bleeding in patients with an LVAD. Human platelet‐poor plasma (containing von Willebrand factor, vWF) and fluorochrome‐labeled platelets were subjected to a range of shear rates (0‐10 000 s−1) for 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes using a custom‐built blood‐shearing device. Formed sizes of platelet aggregates under a range of shear‐controlled environment were visualized and measured using microscopy. The loss of high molecular weight (HMW) vWF multimers was quantified using gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. An inhibition study was also performed to investigate the reduction in platelet aggregation size and HMW vWF multimers caused by either mechanical shear or enzymatic (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13—ADAMTS13, the von Willebrand factor protease) mechanism under low and high shear conditions (360 and 10 000 s−1). We found that the average size of platelet aggregates formed under physiological shear rates of 360‐3000 s−1 (200‐300 μm2) was significantly larger compared to those sheared at >6000 s−1 (50‐100 μm2). Furthermore, HMW vWF multimers were reduced with increased shear rates. The inhibition study revealed that the reduction in platelet aggregation size and HWM vWF multimers were mainly associated with ADAMTS13. In conclusion, the threshold of shear rate must not exceed >6000 s−1 in order to maintain the optimal size of platelet aggregates to “plug off” the injury site and stop bleeding.
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    Journal Title
    Artificial Organs
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.13783
    Copyright Statement
    © 2020 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Shear‐dependent platelet aggregation size, Artificial Organs, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.13783. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving (http://olabout.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-828039.html)
    Note
    This publication has been entered in Griffith Research Online as an advanced online version.
    Subject
    Biomedical engineering
    Clinical sciences
    ADAMTS13
    Shear rate
    exposure time
    platelet aggregate
    vWF
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/396725
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    • Journal articles

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