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  • Apidima Cave fossils provide earliest evidence of Homo sapiens in Eurasia

    Author(s)
    Harvati, Katerina
    Roeding, Carolin
    Bosman, Abel M
    Karakostis, Fotios A
    Grun, Rainer
    Stringer, Chris
    Karkanas, Panagiotis
    Thompson, Nicholas C
    Koutoulidis, Vassilis
    Moulopoulos, Lia A
    Gorgoulis, Vassilis G
    Kouloukoussa, Mirsini
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Grun, Rainer
    Year published
    2019
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Two fossilized human crania (Apidima 1 and Apidima 2) from Apidima Cave, southern Greece, were discovered in the late 1970s but have remained enigmatic owing to their incomplete nature, taphonomic distortion and lack of archaeological context and chronology. Here we virtually reconstruct both crania, provide detailed comparative descriptions and analyses, and date them using U-series radiometric methods. Apidima 2 dates to more than 170 thousand years ago and has a Neanderthal-like morphological pattern. By contrast, Apidima 1 dates to more than 210 thousand years ago and presents a mixture of modern human and primitive ...
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    Two fossilized human crania (Apidima 1 and Apidima 2) from Apidima Cave, southern Greece, were discovered in the late 1970s but have remained enigmatic owing to their incomplete nature, taphonomic distortion and lack of archaeological context and chronology. Here we virtually reconstruct both crania, provide detailed comparative descriptions and analyses, and date them using U-series radiometric methods. Apidima 2 dates to more than 170 thousand years ago and has a Neanderthal-like morphological pattern. By contrast, Apidima 1 dates to more than 210 thousand years ago and presents a mixture of modern human and primitive features. These results suggest that two late Middle Pleistocene human groups were present at this site—an early Homo sapiens population, followed by a Neanderthal population. Our findings support multiple dispersals of early modern humans out of Africa, and highlight the complex demographic processes that characterized Pleistocene human evolution and modern human presence in southeast Europe.
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    Journal Title
    Nature
    Volume
    571
    Issue
    7766
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1376-z
    Subject
    Geology
    Evolutionary Biology
    Science & Technology
    Multidisciplinary Sciences
    Science & Technology - Other Topics
    MANI PENINSULA
    MODERN HUMANS
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/397334
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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