Worldwide incidence and prevalence of NMO: A systematic review

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Author(s)
Papp, Viktoria
Magyari, Melinda
Aktas, Orhan
Berger, Thomas
Broadley, Simon A
Cabre, Philippe
Jacob, Anu
Kira, Jun-Ichi
Leite, M Isabel
Marignier, Romain
Miyamoto, Katsuichi
Palace, Jacqueline
Saiz, Albert
Sepulveda, Maria
et al.
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2020
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OBJECTIVE: Since the last epidemiological review of NMO/NMOSD, 22 additional studies have been conducted. We systematically review the worldwide prevalence, incidence and basic demographic characteristics of NMOSD, and provide a critical overview of studies. METHODS: PubMed, Ovid Medline and EMBASE using Medical Subject Headings and keyword search terms and reference lists of retrieved articles were searched from 1999 until August 2019. We collected data on the country; region; methods of case assessment and aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) test; study period; limitations; incidence (per 100,000 person-years); prevalence (per ...
View more >OBJECTIVE: Since the last epidemiological review of NMO/NMOSD, 22 additional studies have been conducted. We systematically review the worldwide prevalence, incidence and basic demographic characteristics of NMOSD, and provide a critical overview of studies. METHODS: PubMed, Ovid Medline and EMBASE using Medical Subject Headings and keyword search terms and reference lists of retrieved articles were searched from 1999 until August 2019. We collected data on the country; region; methods of case assessment and aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) test; study period; limitations; incidence (per 100,000 person-years); prevalence (per 100,000 persons); age-, sex-, and ethnic group-specific incidence or prevalence. RESULTS: We identified 33 relevant articles. The results indicated the highest estimates of incidence and prevalence of NMOSD in Afro-Caribbean region [0.73/100 000 person-years (95% CI: 0.45-1.01) and 10/100 000 persons (95% CI: 6.8-13.2)]. The lowest incidence and prevalence of NMOSD were found in Australia and New Zealand [0.037/100 000 person-years (95% CI: 0.036-0.038) and 0.7/100 000 persons (95% CI: 0.66-0.74)]. There was prominent female predominance in adults and the AQP4-Ab seropositive subpopulation. Incidence and prevalence peaked in middle-aged adults. African ethnicity had the highest incidence and prevalence of NMOSD, whereas white Caucasian ethnicity had the lowest. No remarkable trend of incidence was described over time. CONCLUSION: NMOSD is a rare disease worldwide. Variations in prevalence and incidence have been described among different geographic areas and ethnicities. These are only partially explained by different study methods and NMO/NMOSD definitions, highlighting the need for specifically designed epidemiological studies to identify genetic effects and etiological factors.
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View more >OBJECTIVE: Since the last epidemiological review of NMO/NMOSD, 22 additional studies have been conducted. We systematically review the worldwide prevalence, incidence and basic demographic characteristics of NMOSD, and provide a critical overview of studies. METHODS: PubMed, Ovid Medline and EMBASE using Medical Subject Headings and keyword search terms and reference lists of retrieved articles were searched from 1999 until August 2019. We collected data on the country; region; methods of case assessment and aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) test; study period; limitations; incidence (per 100,000 person-years); prevalence (per 100,000 persons); age-, sex-, and ethnic group-specific incidence or prevalence. RESULTS: We identified 33 relevant articles. The results indicated the highest estimates of incidence and prevalence of NMOSD in Afro-Caribbean region [0.73/100 000 person-years (95% CI: 0.45-1.01) and 10/100 000 persons (95% CI: 6.8-13.2)]. The lowest incidence and prevalence of NMOSD were found in Australia and New Zealand [0.037/100 000 person-years (95% CI: 0.036-0.038) and 0.7/100 000 persons (95% CI: 0.66-0.74)]. There was prominent female predominance in adults and the AQP4-Ab seropositive subpopulation. Incidence and prevalence peaked in middle-aged adults. African ethnicity had the highest incidence and prevalence of NMOSD, whereas white Caucasian ethnicity had the lowest. No remarkable trend of incidence was described over time. CONCLUSION: NMOSD is a rare disease worldwide. Variations in prevalence and incidence have been described among different geographic areas and ethnicities. These are only partially explained by different study methods and NMO/NMOSD definitions, highlighting the need for specifically designed epidemiological studies to identify genetic effects and etiological factors.
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Journal Title
Neurology
Copyright Statement
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
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This publication has been entered as an advanced online version in Griffith Research Online.
Subject
Clinical Sciences
Neurosciences
Cognitive Sciences