Aphasia-friendly hospital meal menus for stroke patients: A pilot study exploring perceptions and behaviour change

Abstract

Background: People with aphasia (PWA) experience difficulties communicating within our health care system and the National Stroke Guidelines recommend using aphasia-friendly principles to enhance communication access. Inpatient hospital menus are problematic for PWA and provide an opportunity to apply aphasia-friendly principles. This has had limited attention in the literature.

Aims: To determine if the use of an aphasia-friendly photo menu tool changed PWA’s behaviours and perceptions related to meal ordering compared to usual menus in the inpatient hospital setting. Additionally, to explore staff perceptions regarding enablers and barriers to its use.

Method: Thirty PWA (average age 70.5 years, ∼ 3 weeks post onset), approximately thirteen caregivers and five Speech Pathology Therapy Assistants (SPTAs) participated. Using a random alternating treatment design, PWA ordered their meals daily using either the aphasia-friendly menu with SPTA help or the usual hospital menu. Daily oral intake was recorded and participants reported on their preferred menu type, perceptions of ease and level of participation. Caregivers and SPTA perceptions of the menus were explored through questionnaires and a focus group respectively.

Results: Preliminary results suggested that 18 out of 27 PWA preferred the aphasia-friendly menu, with increased food intake for some participants compared to the usual menu. Caregiver perceptions were positive and SPTAs provided patient and environmental considerations for implementation. The final results will be presented.

Conclusion: An aphasia-friendly menu may be a viable and preferred option for PWA when ordering food in hospitals. Practical considerations identified regarding continued use of the aphasia-friendly menu will be discussed.