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  • Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

    Author(s)
    Klionsky, Daniel J
    Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal
    Abdelfatah, Sara
    Abdellatif, Mahmoud
    Abdoli, Asghar
    Abel, Steffen
    Abeliovich, Hagai
    Abildgaard, Marie H.
    Abudu, Yakubu Princely
    Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham
    Adamopoulos, Iannis E.
    Adeli, Khosrow
    Adolph, Timon E.
    Dharmasivam, Mahendiran
    et al.
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Dharmasivam, Mahendiran
    Year published
    2021
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to ...
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    In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.
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    Journal Title
    Autophagy
    Volume
    17
    Issue
    1
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2020.1797280
    Subject
    Biochemistry and cell biology
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/404489
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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