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  • The effectiveness of graphic health warnings on tobacco products: a systematic review on perceived harm and quit intentions

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    Author(s)
    Pang, Bo
    Saleme, Pamela
    Seydel, Tori
    Kim, Jeawon
    Knox, Kathy
    Rundle-Thiele, Sharyn
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Kim, Jeawon
    Pang, Bo
    Rundle-Thiele, Sharyn
    Knox, Kathy L.
    Saleme Ruiz, Pamela
    Seydel, Tori B.
    Year published
    2021
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Examination of the format and framing of the graphic health warnings (GHWs) on tobacco products and their impact on tobacco cessation has received increasing attention. This review focused on systematically identifying and synthesizing evidence of longitudinal studies that evaluate different GHW formats and specifically considered GHW influence on perceived risk of tobacco use and quit intentions. METHODS: Ten databases were systematically searched for relevant records in December 2017 and again in September 2019. Thirty-five longitudinal studies were identified and analyzed in terms of the formatting of GHWs and ...
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    BACKGROUND: Examination of the format and framing of the graphic health warnings (GHWs) on tobacco products and their impact on tobacco cessation has received increasing attention. This review focused on systematically identifying and synthesizing evidence of longitudinal studies that evaluate different GHW formats and specifically considered GHW influence on perceived risk of tobacco use and quit intentions. METHODS: Ten databases were systematically searched for relevant records in December 2017 and again in September 2019. Thirty-five longitudinal studies were identified and analyzed in terms of the formatting of GHWs and the outcomes of perceived risk and quit intentions. Quality assessment of all studies was conducted. RESULTS: This review found graphics exceeding 50% of packs were the most common ratio for GHWs, and identified an ongoing reliance on negatively framed messages and limited source attribution. Perceived harms and quit intentions were increased by GHWs. However, wear-out effects were observed regardless of GHW format indicating the length of time warnings are present in market warrants ongoing research attention to identify wear out points. Quit intentions and perceived harm were also combined into a cognitive response measure, limiting the evaluation of the effects of each GHW format variables in those cases. In addition, alternative GHW package inserts were found to be a complimentary approach to traditional GHWs. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrated the role of GHWs on increasing quit intentions and perceptions of health risks by evaluating quality-assessed longitudinal research designs. The findings of this study recommend testing alternate GHW formats that communicate quit benefits and objective methodologies to extend beyond self-report.
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    Journal Title
    BMC Public Health
    Volume
    21
    Issue
    1
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10810-z
    Copyright Statement
    © The Author(s). 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
    Subject
    Health services and systems
    Public health
    Graphic health warning
    Systematic review
    Tobacco
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/404595
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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