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dc.contributor.authorZemanova, Miriam A
dc.contributor.authorKnight, Andrew
dc.date.accessioned2021-05-26T00:56:01Z
dc.date.available2021-05-26T00:56:01Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.issn2076-2615
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ani11010114
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/404682
dc.description.abstractHumane alternatives to harmful educational animal use include ethically-sourced cadavers, models, mannequins, mechanical simulators, videos, computer and virtual reality simulations, and supervised clinical and surgical experiences. In many life and health sciences courses, however, traditional animal use persists, often due to uncertainty about the educational efficacy of humane alternatives. The most recent comprehensive reviews assessing learning outcomes of humane teaching methods, in comparison to harmful animal use, were published more than 10 years ago. Therefore, we aimed to collate and analyse the combined evidence from recent and older studies about the efficacy of humane teaching methods. Using specific search terms, we systematically searched the Web of Science, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases for relevant educational studies. We extracted information on publication years, the country in which the study was conducted, field, humane teaching methods, form of learning outcome assessment, and the learning outcome of the humane teaching methods, in comparison with harmful animal use. We found 50 relevant studies published from 1968-2020, primarily stemming from the USA, UK, and Canada. Humane teaching methods produced learning outcomes superior (30%), equivalent (60%), or inferior (10%) to those produced by traditional harmful animal use. In conclusion, a wide-spread implementation of humane teaching methods would not only preserve learning outcomes, but may in fact be beneficial for animals, students, educators, and institutions.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom114
dc.relation.ispartofissue1
dc.relation.ispartofjournalAnimals
dc.relation.ispartofvolume11
dc.subject.fieldofresearchEducation systems
dc.subject.fieldofresearchPollution and contamination
dc.subject.fieldofresearchZoology
dc.subject.fieldofresearchAnimal production
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3903
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode4105
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3109
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3003
dc.subject.keywordsScience & Technology
dc.subject.keywordsLife Sciences & Biomedicine
dc.subject.keywordsAgriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
dc.subject.keywordsVeterinary Sciences
dc.subject.keywordsAgriculture
dc.titleThe Educational Efficacy of Humane Teaching Methods: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dcterms.bibliographicCitationZemanova, MA; Knight, A, The Educational Efficacy of Humane Teaching Methods: A Systematic Review of the Evidence, Animals, 2021, 11 (1), pp. 114
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-01-05
dcterms.licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated2021-05-26T00:53:56Z
dc.description.versionVersion of Record (VoR)
gro.rights.copyright© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorKnight, Andrew D.


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