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  • Brachychiton acerifolius (A.Cunn. ex G.Don) Macarthur and C. moore Leaf and Flower Extracts Inhibit the Growth of a Panel of Pathogenic Bacteria

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    Author(s)
    Cock, Ian Edwin
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Cock, Ian E.
    Year published
    2019
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    Abstract
    Introduction: Brachychiton acerifolius (A.Cunn. ex G.Don) Macarthur and C. moore is a large tree that is native to subtropical regions of the east of Australia. Decoctions and infusions produced from the leaves of the related species Brachychiton diversifolius were used by the first Australians to treat a variety of bacterial diseases. Despite this, B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts have not been rigorously examined for antibacterial properties against many pathogens. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against ...
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    Introduction: Brachychiton acerifolius (A.Cunn. ex G.Don) Macarthur and C. moore is a large tree that is native to subtropical regions of the east of Australia. Decoctions and infusions produced from the leaves of the related species Brachychiton diversifolius were used by the first Australians to treat a variety of bacterial diseases. Despite this, B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts have not been rigorously examined for antibacterial properties against many pathogens. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of pathogenic bacteria. The growth inhibitory activity was quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: Methanolic B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts inhibited the growth of a wide range of bacterial species. Growth of both gram positive and gramnegative bacteria was inhibited by the B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts, although the gram negative bacteria were substantially more susceptible to the extracts than the gram positive bacteria were. The leaf extracts were more potent growth inhibitors than the flower extracts against all bacteria tested. The B. acerifolius leaf extract was a strong inhibitor of A. faecalis, K. pneumonia, P. fluorescens, S. newport, S. sonnei, B. cereus, S. aureus and S. pyogenes growth, with MIC values substantially <1000μg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic B. acerifolius leaf extract was further investigated by growth time course assays which showed significant growth inhibition in cultures of P. fluorsecens and B. cereus within 1hr of exposure. Both extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for internal use as well as for topical uses. Conclusion: The lack of toxicity of the B. acerifolius leaf and flower extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria partially validate the traditional usage of this species to treat bacterial diseases and indicates their potential in the development of antiseptic agents.
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    Journal Title
    Pharmacognosy Communications
    Volume
    10
    Issue
    1
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.5530/pc.2020.1.7
    Copyright Statement
    © The Author(s) 2020. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, providing that the work is properly cited.
    Subject
    Environmental sciences
    Biological sciences
    Plant biology
    Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/404823
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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