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dc.contributor.authorRyan, Rachael YM
dc.contributor.authorSeymour, Jamie
dc.contributor.authorLoukas, Alex
dc.contributor.authorLopez, J Alejandro
dc.contributor.authorIkonomopoulou, Maria P
dc.contributor.authorMiles, John J
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-16T01:23:12Z
dc.date.available2021-06-16T01:23:12Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.issn1664-3224
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fimmu.2021.661082
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/405166
dc.description.abstractVenoms are complex mixtures of toxic compounds delivered by bite or sting. In humans, the consequences of envenomation range from self-limiting to lethal. Critical host defence against envenomation comprises innate and adaptive immune strategies targeted towards venom detection, neutralisation, detoxification, and symptom resolution. In some instances, venoms mediate immune dysregulation that contributes to symptom severity. This review details the involvement of immune cell subtypes and mediators, particularly of the dermis, in host resistance and venom-induced immunopathology. We further discuss established venom-associated immunopathology, including allergy and systemic inflammation, and investigate Irukandji syndrome as a potential systemic inflammatory response. Finally, this review characterises venom-derived compounds as a source of immune modulating drugs for treatment of disease.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.sponsorshipGriffith University
dc.publisherFrontiers Media SA
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom661082
dc.relation.ispartofjournalFrontiers in Immunology
dc.relation.ispartofvolume12
dc.subject.fieldofresearchImmunology
dc.subject.fieldofresearchMedical microbiology
dc.subject.fieldofresearchToxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3204
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3207
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode321407
dc.titleImmunological Responses to Envenomation
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dcterms.bibliographicCitationRyan, RYM; Seymour, J; Loukas, A; Lopez, JA; Ikonomopoulou, MP; Miles, JJ, Immunological Responses to Envenomation, Frontiers in Immunology, 12, pp. 661082
dcterms.licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.date.updated2021-06-16T00:20:42Z
dc.description.versionVersion of Record (VoR)
gro.rights.copyright© 2021 Ryan, Seymour, Loukas, Lopez, Ikonomopoulou and Miles. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorLopez Ramirez, Alejandro


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