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  • An integrative approach to define chemical exposure threshold limits for endangered sea turtles

    Author(s)
    Dogruer, Gulsah
    Kramer, Nynke I
    Schaap, Iris L
    Hollert, Henner
    Gaus, Caroline
    van de Merwe, Jason P
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Dogruer, Gulsah
    van de Merwe, Jason P.
    Year published
    2021
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Environmental contaminants pose serious health threats to marine megafauna species, yet methods defining exposure threshold limits are lacking. Here, a three-pillar chemical risk assessment framework is presented based on (1) species- and chemical-specific lifetime bioaccumulation modelling, (2) non-destructive in vitro and in vivo toxicity threshold assessment, and (3) chemical risk quantification. We used the effects of cadmium (Cd) in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) as a proof of concept to evaluate the quantitative mechanistic modelling approach. A physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model simulated Cd tissue ...
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    Environmental contaminants pose serious health threats to marine megafauna species, yet methods defining exposure threshold limits are lacking. Here, a three-pillar chemical risk assessment framework is presented based on (1) species- and chemical-specific lifetime bioaccumulation modelling, (2) non-destructive in vitro and in vivo toxicity threshold assessment, and (3) chemical risk quantification. We used the effects of cadmium (Cd) in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) as a proof of concept to evaluate the quantitative mechanistic modelling approach. A physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) model simulated Cd tissue concentrations (liver, kidney, muscle, fat, brain, scute, and 'rest of the body') in C.mydas. The validated PBK model then translated species-specific in vitro results to in vivo effects. The results showed that the resilience of C.mydas towards Cd kidney toxicity is age-dependent and differs with changing physiology and feeding ecology. Using the model in reverse mode, a steady-state exposure threshold of 0.1 µg/g dry weight Cd in forage was derived and compared to real-world exposure scenarios. Three out of the four globally distinct C.mydas populations assessed are exposed to Cd levels above this threshold limit. This approach can be adapted to other marine species and chemicals to prioritize measures for managing potentially harmful chemical exposures.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Hazardous Materials
    Volume
    420
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126512
    Subject
    Chemical sciences
    Environmental sciences
    Engineering
    Chemical risk assessment
    PBK modeling
    PBK-based QIVIVE
    Sea turtle toxicology
    Toxicity threshold
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/406499
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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