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  • Removal mechanisms of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using straw biochar: batch study, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques

    Author(s)
    Zhao, Qingzhou
    Wang, Yanfen
    Xu, Zhihong
    Yu, Zhisheng
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Xu, Zhihong
    Zhao, Qingzhou
    Year published
    2021
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Recent interests in aqueous cadmium and lead removal has been driven by the rapid progress of the adsorption on biochar, which is an environmentally friendly adsorbent with high effectiveness. The biochar was prepared from pyrolysis of straw under 400°C and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectra analysis. The batch experiments were performed to investigate the capacity and mechanism of the adsorption. The kinetic of either Cd(II) ...
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    Recent interests in aqueous cadmium and lead removal has been driven by the rapid progress of the adsorption on biochar, which is an environmentally friendly adsorbent with high effectiveness. The biochar was prepared from pyrolysis of straw under 400°C and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectra analysis. The batch experiments were performed to investigate the capacity and mechanism of the adsorption. The kinetic of either Cd(II) or Pb(II) adsorption fitted in both pseudo-first-order kinetic model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity increased rapidly in the initial 30 min and then slowed down until the plateau after 80 min. Both the capacity of the Cd(II) and Pb(II) removal increased with pH value elevation at the relatively low pH range while the Pb(II) adsorption capacity decreased with pH value elevation in the range of 8.5–11.0. Nevertheless, these adsorptions were independent of the ionic strength. Either Cd(II) or Pb(II) adsorption process fitted the Langmuir model and Freundlich model well. The thermodynamic data demonstrated the cadmium adsorption on biochar as the endothermic and spontaneous reaction with the ΔH° = 21.31, ΔS° = 136.77 and ΔG° < 0 at 293, 313 and 333 K. The lead adsorption exhibited similar natures with ΔH° = 17.20, ΔS° = 127.92 and ΔG° < 0. Thus, biochar would be a green material as the potential adsorbent for the cadmium and lead removal in aqueous solutions.
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    Journal Title
    Desalination and Water Treatment
    Volume
    220
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.27011
    Subject
    Chemical engineering
    Civil engineering
    Environmental engineering
    Science & Technology
    Physical Sciences
    Engineering, Chemical
    Water Resources
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/408790
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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