Chronic and Acute Effects of Hot Water Immersion on Strength, Recovery and Hypertrophy
Author(s)
Peake, Jonathan
McGorm, Hamish
Roberts, Llion
Coombes, Jeff
Cameron-Smith, David
Raastad, Truls
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2017
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Research demonstrates heat therapy is effective for enhancing acute post-exercise recovery, and increasing training adaptation. However, evidence from studies representing real-world training practices is sparse. Effects of regular hot water immersion (HWI) on adaptations to resistance training are yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine if HWI enhances resistance training adaptations. Recreationally active participants (n=16) were matched for strength and assigned to HWI or passive recovery (PAS) groups. Participants completed 10 weeks of lower-body hypertrophy resistance training, 2 days a week. Ten ...
View more >Research demonstrates heat therapy is effective for enhancing acute post-exercise recovery, and increasing training adaptation. However, evidence from studies representing real-world training practices is sparse. Effects of regular hot water immersion (HWI) on adaptations to resistance training are yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine if HWI enhances resistance training adaptations. Recreationally active participants (n=16) were matched for strength and assigned to HWI or passive recovery (PAS) groups. Participants completed 10 weeks of lower-body hypertrophy resistance training, 2 days a week. Ten minutes of HWI (45°C) or PAS was performed after each training session. Strength data (1 RM) for leg press (LP), knee extension (KE) and knee flexion (KF); muscle mass analysis by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) were measured pre-and post-training. Muscle biopsies were collected immediately before the last training session, and at 2, 24 and 48 hours after the end of the recovery session following the last training session. Both groups increased (p < 0.001 to 0.030) their strength for all three exercises. Absolute DXA muscle mass (HWI; 1.8% and 2.4%, and PAS 4.6% and 5.5%) increased (p < 0.001 to 0.006 in both groups) for leg and gynoid regions, respectively. Absolute MRI quadriceps muscle mass also increased (HWI; p = 0.013, 6.2%; PAS p = 0.000, 10.1%). However, the relative increase in DXA leg muscle mass was significantly less after HWI compared with PAS (p = 0.011, 2.1-fold). PCR analysis revealed significant time effects for changes in gene expression of IL-1beta and LIF in both groups, significant time effects for IL-6 and Ccxl2 in the PAS group, and significant time effects for CD163 in the HWI group. No time effects were found for HSP90, TNF-α, CCl4, CD11b, CD68 or CD206 mRNA expression. No significant differences between groups were noted for any gene. Regular HWI does not seem to enhance strength adaptation to resistance training, and may actually attenuate gains in muscle mass. HWI does not enhance post-exercise recovery through heat shock protein, cytokine or macrophage response. Analysis on the effects of HWI on myogenic regulatory factors and mTOR kinases is ongoing.
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View more >Research demonstrates heat therapy is effective for enhancing acute post-exercise recovery, and increasing training adaptation. However, evidence from studies representing real-world training practices is sparse. Effects of regular hot water immersion (HWI) on adaptations to resistance training are yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine if HWI enhances resistance training adaptations. Recreationally active participants (n=16) were matched for strength and assigned to HWI or passive recovery (PAS) groups. Participants completed 10 weeks of lower-body hypertrophy resistance training, 2 days a week. Ten minutes of HWI (45°C) or PAS was performed after each training session. Strength data (1 RM) for leg press (LP), knee extension (KE) and knee flexion (KF); muscle mass analysis by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) were measured pre-and post-training. Muscle biopsies were collected immediately before the last training session, and at 2, 24 and 48 hours after the end of the recovery session following the last training session. Both groups increased (p < 0.001 to 0.030) their strength for all three exercises. Absolute DXA muscle mass (HWI; 1.8% and 2.4%, and PAS 4.6% and 5.5%) increased (p < 0.001 to 0.006 in both groups) for leg and gynoid regions, respectively. Absolute MRI quadriceps muscle mass also increased (HWI; p = 0.013, 6.2%; PAS p = 0.000, 10.1%). However, the relative increase in DXA leg muscle mass was significantly less after HWI compared with PAS (p = 0.011, 2.1-fold). PCR analysis revealed significant time effects for changes in gene expression of IL-1beta and LIF in both groups, significant time effects for IL-6 and Ccxl2 in the PAS group, and significant time effects for CD163 in the HWI group. No time effects were found for HSP90, TNF-α, CCl4, CD11b, CD68 or CD206 mRNA expression. No significant differences between groups were noted for any gene. Regular HWI does not seem to enhance strength adaptation to resistance training, and may actually attenuate gains in muscle mass. HWI does not enhance post-exercise recovery through heat shock protein, cytokine or macrophage response. Analysis on the effects of HWI on myogenic regulatory factors and mTOR kinases is ongoing.
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Conference Title
FASEB Journal
Volume
31
Issue
S1
Subject
Biochemistry and cell biology
Zoology
Medical physiology
Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Biology