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  • Early executive function deficit in preterm children and its association with neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood: a literature review

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    Author(s)
    Sun, J
    Buys, N
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Buys, Nicholas J.
    Sun, Jing
    Year published
    2012
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    Abstract
    The purpose of this study is to examine the association of defi cits of executive function (EF) and neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm children and the potential of assessing EF in infants as means of early identifi cation. EF refers to a collection of related but somewhat discrete abilities, the main ones being working memory, inhibition, and planning. There is a general consensus that EF governs goal-directed behavior that requires holding those plans or programs on-line until executed, inhibiting irrelevant action and planning a sequence of actions. EF plays an essential role in cognitive development and ...
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    The purpose of this study is to examine the association of defi cits of executive function (EF) and neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm children and the potential of assessing EF in infants as means of early identifi cation. EF refers to a collection of related but somewhat discrete abilities, the main ones being working memory, inhibition, and planning. There is a general consensus that EF governs goal-directed behavior that requires holding those plans or programs on-line until executed, inhibiting irrelevant action and planning a sequence of actions. EF plays an essential role in cognitive development and is vital to individual social and intellectual success. Most researchers believe in the coordination and integrate cognitive - perceptual processes in relation to time and space, thus regulating higher-order cognitive processes, such as problem solving, reasoning, logical and fl exible thinking, and decision-making. The importance of the maturation of the frontal lobe, particularly the prefrontal cortex, to the development of EF in childhood has been emphasized. Therefore, any abnormal development in the prefrontal lobes of infants and children could be expected to result in signifi cant defi cits in cognitive functioning. As this is a late-maturing part of the brain, various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, attention defi - cit hyperactivity disorder, language disorders, and schizophrenia, as well as acquired disorders of the right brain (and traumatic brain injury) impair EF, and the prefrontal cortex may be particularly susceptible to delayed development in these populations. The defi cits of EF in infants are persistent into childhood and related to neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence.
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    Journal Title
    International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health
    Volume
    24
    Issue
    4
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh.2012.042
    Copyright Statement
    © 2012 Walter de Gruyter & Co. KG Publishers. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Clinical sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/46126
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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