Periodontitis and bidirectional relation with systemic diseases

Abstract

Periodontitis refers to a number of inflammatory diseases affecting the periodontium , which is the tissues that surround and support the teeth. Periodontitis involves progressive loss of the alveolar bone around the teeth, and in susceptible individuals if left untreated, can lead to teeth loss and adverse systemic impact. Etio-pathogenesis of Periodontitis is a complex result of pathogens that surround the cervical teeth structure and invade into the connective tissue, along with an overly aggressive or compromised immune response against these microorganism influenced by the genetic factors. A diagnosis of periodontitis is established by inspecting the gingiva by clinical examination of the tissue around the teeth with a probe and x-ray by visual analysis, to determine the amount of bone presence( amount lost) around the teeth.