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dc.contributor.authorO'Gorman, Cullen
dc.contributor.authorLucas, Robyn
dc.contributor.authorTaylor, Bruce
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-03T16:03:14Z
dc.date.available2017-05-03T16:03:14Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.date.modified2013-07-02T23:08:43Z
dc.identifier.issn14220067
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijms130911718
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/51383
dc.description.abstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease of the central nervous system commonly affecting young adults. Pathologically, there are patches of inflammation (plaques) with demyelination of axons and oligodendrocyte loss. There is a global latitude gradient in MS prevalence, and incidence of MS is increasing (particularly in females). These changes suggest a major role for environmental factors in causation of disease. We have reviewed the evidence and potential mechanisms of action for three exposures: vitamin D, Epstein Barr virus and cigarette smoking. Recent advances supporting gene-environment interactions are reviewed. Further research is needed to establish mechanisms of causality in humans and to explore preventative strategies.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.publicationstatusYes
dc.format.extent302922 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPIAG
dc.publisher.placeSwitzerland
dc.relation.ispartofstudentpublicationN
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom11718
dc.relation.ispartofpageto11752
dc.relation.ispartofissue9
dc.relation.ispartofjournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
dc.relation.ispartofvolume13
dc.rights.retentionY
dc.subject.fieldofresearchOther chemical sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchGenetics
dc.subject.fieldofresearchOther biological sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3499
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3105
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode3199
dc.titleEnvironmental Risk Factors for Multiple Sclerosis: A Review with a Focus on Molecular Mechanisms
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.rights.copyright© 2012 MDPI (http://www.mdpi.org). The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
gro.date.issued2012
gro.hasfulltextFull Text
gro.griffith.authorO'Gorman, Cullen


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