This paper gives an overview and updated status report of the current Evidence Based Training (EBT) project that is sponsored by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). The aim of the project is to identify, develop and train the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to operate safely, effectively and efficiently in an airline environment. An analysis has been conducted of the most relevant threats, errors and undesired aircraft states, as well as their management by crews, from evidence collected in flight operations and training. The project outcome will be to inform improvement in regulatory standards, recommended practices and guidance material on aircraft type conversion courses and recurrent training programs and enable the worldwide implementation of more effective training standards in order to improve operational safety. In particular the results will provide focus for competency based training within airlines. Whilst the project has been conducted in the civil airline sector, the aircraft types and scope of operations have significant overlap with parts of military aviation and therefore are of relevance to the defence sector.