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  • Patterns, processes and vulnerability of Southern Ocean benthos: a decadal leap in knowledge and understanding

    Author(s)
    Kaiser, Stefanie
    Brandao, Simone N
    Brix, Saskia
    Barnes, David KA
    Bowden, David A
    Ingels, Jeroen
    Leese, Florian
    Schiaparelli, Stefano
    Arango, Claudia P
    Badhe, Renuka
    Bax, Narissa
    Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Magdalena
    Brandt, Angelika
    Brenke, Nils
    Catarino, Ana I
    David, Bruno
    De Ridder, Chantal
    Dubois, Philippe
    Ellingsen, Kari E
    Glover, Adrian G
    Griffiths, Huw J
    Gutt, Julian
    Halanych, Kenneth M
    Havermans, Charlotte
    Held, Christoph
    Janussen, Dorte
    Loerz, Anne-Nina
    Pearce, David A
    Pierrat, Benjamin
    Riehl, Torben
    Rose, Armin
    Sands, Chester J
    Soler-Membrives, Anna
    Schueller, Myriam
    Strugnell, Jan M
    Vanreusel, Ann
    Veit-Koehler, Gritta
    Wilson, Nerida G
    Yasuhara, Moriaki
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Arango, Claudia P.
    Year published
    2013
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    In the Southern Ocean, that is areas south of the Polar Front, long-term oceanographic cooling, geographic separation, development of isolating current and wind systems, tectonic drift and fluctuation of ice sheets amongst others have resulted in a highly endemic benthic fauna, which is generally adapted to the long-lasting, relatively stable environmental conditions. The Southern Ocean benthic ecosystem has been subject to minimal direct anthropogenic impact (compared to elsewhere) and thus presents unique opportunities to study biodiversity and its responses to environmental change. Since the beginning of the century, ...
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    In the Southern Ocean, that is areas south of the Polar Front, long-term oceanographic cooling, geographic separation, development of isolating current and wind systems, tectonic drift and fluctuation of ice sheets amongst others have resulted in a highly endemic benthic fauna, which is generally adapted to the long-lasting, relatively stable environmental conditions. The Southern Ocean benthic ecosystem has been subject to minimal direct anthropogenic impact (compared to elsewhere) and thus presents unique opportunities to study biodiversity and its responses to environmental change. Since the beginning of the century, research under the Census of Marine Life and International Polar Year initiatives, as well as Scientific Committee of Antarctic Research biology programmes, have considerably advanced our understanding of the Southern Ocean benthos. In this paper, we evaluate recent progress in Southern Ocean benthic research and identify priorities for future research. Intense efforts to sample and describe the benthic fauna, coupled with coordination of information in global databases, have greatly enhanced understanding of the biodiversity and biogeography of the region. Some habitats, such as chemosynthetic systems, have been sampled for the first time, while application of new technologies and methods are yielding new insights into ecosystem structure and function. These advances have also highlighted important research gaps, notably the likely consequences of climate change. In a time of potentially pivotal environmental change, one of the greatest challenges is to balance conservation with increasing demands on the Southern Ocean's natural resources and services. In this context, the characterization of Southern Ocean biodiversity is an urgent priority requiring timely and accurate species identifications, application of standardized sampling and reporting procedures, as well as cooperation between disciplines and nations.
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    Journal Title
    Marine Biology
    Issue
    n/a
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2232-6
    Subject
    Environmental sciences
    Biological sciences
    Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)
    Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/55634
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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