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  • Eosinophils contribute to innate antiviral immunity and promote clearance of respiratory syncytial virus

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    Author(s)
    Phipps, Simon
    Lam, Chuan
    Mahalingam, Suresh
    Newhouse, Matthew
    Ramirez, Ruben
    F. Rosenberg, Helene
    S. Foster, Paul
    I. Matthaei, Klaus
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Mahalingam, Suresh
    Year published
    2007
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    Abstract
    Eosinophils are recruited to the lungs in response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection; however, their role in promoting antiviral host defense remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that eosinophils express TLRs that recognize viral nucleic acids, are activated and degranulate after single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) stimulation of the TLR-7-MyD88 pathway, and provide host defense against RSV that is MyD88 dependent. In contrast to wild-type mice, virus clearance from lung tissue was more rapid in hypereosinophilic (interleukin-5 transgenic) mice. Transfer of wild-type but not MyD88-deficient eosinophils to the lungs of ...
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    Eosinophils are recruited to the lungs in response to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection; however, their role in promoting antiviral host defense remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that eosinophils express TLRs that recognize viral nucleic acids, are activated and degranulate after single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) stimulation of the TLR-7-MyD88 pathway, and provide host defense against RSV that is MyD88 dependent. In contrast to wild-type mice, virus clearance from lung tissue was more rapid in hypereosinophilic (interleukin-5 transgenic) mice. Transfer of wild-type but not MyD88-deficient eosinophils to the lungs of RSV-infected wild-type mice accelerated virus clearance and inhibited the development of airways hyperreactivity. Similar responses were observed when infected recipient mice were MyD88 deficient. Eosinophils isolated from infected hypereosinophilic MyD88-sufficient but not MyD88-deficient mice expressed greater amounts of IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7 and eosinophil-associated ribonucleases EAR-1 and EAR-2. Hypereosinophilia in the airways of infected mice also correlated with increased expression of IRF-7, IFN-߬ and NOS-2, and inhibition of NO production with the NOS-2 inhibitor L-NMA partially reversed the accelerated virus clearance promoted by eosinophils. Collectively, our results demonstrate that eosinophils can protect against RSV in vivo, as they promote virus clearance and may thus limit virus-induced lung dysfunction.
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    Journal Title
    Blood
    Volume
    110
    Issue
    5
    Publisher URI
    http://www.hematology.org/
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-01-071340
    Copyright Statement
    © 2007 American Society of Hematology. This research was originally published in Blood. Author(s). Eosinophils contribute to innate antiviral immunity and promote clearance of respiratory syncytial virus. Blood. 2007 vol. 110 no. 5 1578-1586.
    Subject
    Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
    Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
    Clinical Sciences
    Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/57885
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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