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  • Use of cross-reactive serological assays for detecting novel pathogens in wildlife: assessing an appropriate cutoff for henipavirus assays in African bats

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    Author(s)
    Peel, Alison J
    McKinley, Trevelyan J
    Baker, Kate S
    Barr, Jennifer A
    Crameri, Gary
    Hayman, David TS
    Feng, Yan-Ru
    Broder, Christopher C
    Wang, Lin-Fa
    Cunningham, Andrew A
    Wood, James LN
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Peel, Alison J.
    Year published
    2013
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Reservoir hosts of novel pathogens are often identified or suspected as such on the basis of serological assay results, prior to the isolation of the pathogen itself. Serological assays might therefore be used outside of their original, validated scope in order to infer seroprevalences in reservoir host populations, until such time that specific diagnostic assays can be developed. This is particularly the case in wildlife disease research. The absence of positive and negative control samples and gold standard diagnostic assays presents challenges in determining an appropriate threshold, or 'cutoff', for the assay that enables ...
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    Reservoir hosts of novel pathogens are often identified or suspected as such on the basis of serological assay results, prior to the isolation of the pathogen itself. Serological assays might therefore be used outside of their original, validated scope in order to infer seroprevalences in reservoir host populations, until such time that specific diagnostic assays can be developed. This is particularly the case in wildlife disease research. The absence of positive and negative control samples and gold standard diagnostic assays presents challenges in determining an appropriate threshold, or 'cutoff', for the assay that enables differentiation between seronegative and seropositive individuals. Here, multiple methods were explored to determine an appropriate cutoff for a multiplexed microsphere assay that is used to detect henipavirus antibody binding in fruit bat plasma. These methods included calculating multiples of 'negative' control assay values, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, and Bayesian mixture models to assess the distribution of assay outputs for classifying seropositive and seronegative individuals within different age classes. As for any diagnostic assay, the most appropriate cutoff determination method and value selected must be made according to the aims of the study. This study is presented as an example for others where reference samples, and assays that have been characterised previously, are absent.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Virological Methods
    Volume
    193
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.06.030
    Copyright Statement
    © 2013 Elsevier. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Applied statistics
    Microbiology
    Veterinary diagnosis and diagnostics
    Veterinary virology
    Medical microbiology
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/58570
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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