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  • Why do adults with dyslexia have poor global motion sensitivity?

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    Author(s)
    Conlon, Elizabeth G
    Lilleskaret, Gry
    Wright, Craig M
    Stuksrud, Anne
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Conlon, Elizabeth G.
    Wright, Craig M.
    Lilleskaret, Gry
    Stuksrud, Anne C.
    Year published
    2013
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    Abstract
    Two experiments aimed to determine why adults with dyslexia have poorer global motion sensitivity than typically reading controls. In Experiment 1, the global stimulus had dot densities of 14.15 dots/deg2 (high) or 3.54 dots/deg2 (low) and was presented for five (84ms) or eight (134ms) animation frames. The dyslexia group had higher global motion thresholds in all conditions than controls. In the high dot density, long duration condition, both reader groups had the lowest thresholds indicating that although the dyslexia group had higher motion thresholds they were able to sample the additional signals dots over time with ...
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    Two experiments aimed to determine why adults with dyslexia have poorer global motion sensitivity than typically reading controls. In Experiment 1, the global stimulus had dot densities of 14.15 dots/deg2 (high) or 3.54 dots/deg2 (low) and was presented for five (84ms) or eight (134ms) animation frames. The dyslexia group had higher global motion thresholds in all conditions than controls. In the high dot density, long duration condition, both reader groups had the lowest thresholds indicating that although the dyslexia group had higher motion thresholds they were able to sample the additional signals dots over time with the same efficiency as controls. In Experiment 2, we determined whether the increased neural activity induced by briefly presenting a fully coherent prime moving in either the same or opposite direction of motion to a partially coherent test stimulus would systematically increase and decrease global motion thresholds in the reader groups. When the direction of motion in the prime and test was the same, global motion thresholds increased for both reader groups. The increase in coherence thresholds was significantly greater for the dyslexia group. When the motion of the prime and test were presented in opposite directions, coherence thresholds were reduced in both groups. No group threshold differences were found. In the latter condition, the dyslexia group were able to sample the target motion signals with the same efficiency as the control group. We concluded that the global motion processing deficit found in adults with dyslexia can be explained by undersampling of the target motion signals because of reduced neural activity in the dorsal visual stream, and not a specific difficulty integrating global motion signals. This reduced neural activity in the dorsal visual stream increases the computational problems for the group with dyslexia when processing global motion.
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    Journal Title
    Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
    Volume
    7
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00859
    Copyright Statement
    © 2013. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Subject
    Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance
    Biological Psychology (Neuropsychology, Psychopharmacology, Physiological Psychology)
    Neurosciences
    Psychology
    Cognitive Sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/58626
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    • Journal articles

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