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  • Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine and Prevention of Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations in Australia

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    Author(s)
    Field, Emma J
    Vally, Hassan
    Grimwood, Keith
    Lambert, Stephen B
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Grimwood, Keith
    Year published
    2010
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    Abstract
    OBJECTIVE: A publicly funded, universal infant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) program was implemented in Queensland, Australia, in mid-2007. We sought to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 3 doses of RV5 at preventing rotavirus and nonrotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations in the first birth cohort and impact on hospitalizations in all age groups. METHODS: Hospitalization rates for rotavirus and nonrotavirus AGE in all age groups before and after RV5 introduction were compared. Population vaccine coverage, hospitalization data, and individual vaccination status were obtained from routinely collected, ...
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    OBJECTIVE: A publicly funded, universal infant pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) program was implemented in Queensland, Australia, in mid-2007. We sought to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 3 doses of RV5 at preventing rotavirus and nonrotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations in the first birth cohort and impact on hospitalizations in all age groups. METHODS: Hospitalization rates for rotavirus and nonrotavirus AGE in all age groups before and after RV5 introduction were compared. Population vaccine coverage, hospitalization data, and individual vaccination status were obtained from routinely collected, publicly funded state- and nationally based data sets. Data linkage was performed to calculate 3-dose VE for preventing hospitalization in the eligible age group. RESULTS: RV5 coverage in the first eligible birth cohort was 89.6% for at least 1 dose and 73.1% for 3 doses. Three-dose VE for preventing nonrotavirus AGE hospitalization was 62.3% to 63.9% (any/primary diagnosis) and 89.3% to 93.9% (any/primary diagnosis) for rotavirus hospitalizations. After program implementation, there were immediate and sustained reductions in rotavirus hospitalizations for those who were younger than 20 years and nonrotavirus AGE-coded hospitalizations for those who were younger than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: RV5 is highly effective at preventing rotavirus hospitalizations in a developed country setting, confirming efficacy figures from the pivotal clinical trial. Additional direct and indirect effects are substantial and include reductions in nonrotavirus AGE hospitalizations in vaccinated age groups and rotavirus and nonrotavirus AGE hospitalization rates in older age groups.
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    Journal Title
    Pediatrics
    Volume
    126
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-0443
    Copyright Statement
    © 2010 American Academy of Pediatrics. The attached file is reproduced here in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
    Medical and Health Sciences
    Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/60164
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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