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  • Magnetic resonance imaging findings of fatty infiltrate in the cervical flexors in chronic whiplash

    Author(s)
    Elliott, James M
    O'Leary, Shaun
    Sterling, Michele
    Hendrikz, Joan
    Pedler, Ashley
    Jull, Gwen
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Sterling, Michele
    Year published
    2010
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Study Design. Retrospective investigation of muscle changes in patients suffering from chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Objectives. To quantitatively compare the presence of muscle alterations (fatty infiltrate [MFI] and cross-sectional area [CSA]) in the anterior musculature of the cervical spine in a cohort of chronic whiplash patients (WAD II) and healthy control subjects across muscle and cervical segmental level. Summary of Background Data. Magnetic resonance imaging can be regarded as the gold standard for muscle imaging. There is little knowledge about in vivo features of anterior neck muscles in patients ...
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    Study Design. Retrospective investigation of muscle changes in patients suffering from chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Objectives. To quantitatively compare the presence of muscle alterations (fatty infiltrate [MFI] and cross-sectional area [CSA]) in the anterior musculature of the cervical spine in a cohort of chronic whiplash patients (WAD II) and healthy control subjects across muscle and cervical segmental level. Summary of Background Data. Magnetic resonance imaging can be regarded as the gold standard for muscle imaging. There is little knowledge about in vivo features of anterior neck muscles in patients suffering from chronic WAD and how muscle structure differs across the factors of muscle, vertebral level, age, self-reported pain and disability, body mass index, and duration of symptoms. Methods. Reliable magnetic resonance imaging measures for MFI and CSA were performed for the anterior cervical muscles bilaterally in 109 female subjects (78 WAD, 31 healthy control; 18-45 years, 3 months to 3 years postinjury). The measures were performed on all subjects for the longus capitis and colli and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. Results. The WAD subjects had significantly larger MFI and CSA for the anterior muscles compared to healthy control subjects (all P < 0.0001). In addition, the amount of MFI varied by both cervical level and muscle, with the longus capitis/colli having the largest amount of fatty infiltrates at the C2-C3 level (P < 0.0001). MFI was inversely related to age, self-reported pain/disability, and body mass index but directly proportional to duration of symptoms. Conclusion. There is significantly greater MFI and CSA in the anterior neck muscles, especially in the deeper longus capitis/colli muscles, in subjects with chronic WAD when compared to healthy controls. Future studies are required to investigate the relationships between muscular morphometry and symptoms in patients suffering from acute and chronic WAD.
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    Journal Title
    Spine
    Volume
    35
    Issue
    9
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181bb0e55
    Subject
    Biomedical engineering
    Clinical sciences
    Clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/60790
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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