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  • Communal rainwater tank systems design and economies of scale

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    94971_1.pdf (1.179Mb)
    Author(s)
    Gurung, Thulo Ram
    Sharma, Ashok
    Griffith University Author(s)
    Gurung, Ram
    Year published
    2014
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Communal rainwater tank systems provide an alternative urban water supply solution for reducing dependence on centralised water supply networks. Rainwater from household roofs is transported through a gravity collection system and stored in a centralised communal tank before being treated and supplied back to homes through a reticulated pumping system. Literature on the design, life cycle costing and economies of scale of communal rainwater tank systems is currently limited. This study intends to develop a methodology for the system design, assess the economies of scale of communal systems and identify the main cost contributors ...
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    Communal rainwater tank systems provide an alternative urban water supply solution for reducing dependence on centralised water supply networks. Rainwater from household roofs is transported through a gravity collection system and stored in a centralised communal tank before being treated and supplied back to homes through a reticulated pumping system. Literature on the design, life cycle costing and economies of scale of communal rainwater tank systems is currently limited. This study intends to develop a methodology for the system design, assess the economies of scale of communal systems and identify the main cost contributors for the total capital and life cycle costs. A methodology developed for this analysis is presented for the benefit of water professionals across the globe to support similar studies in their local regions. Housing layouts were developed, designed and costed for a flat topography and a centralised storage and treatment scenario, ranging from 4 to 576 homes. An economic assessment was then carried out using the net present value method (NPV). The results show that costs of storage and treatment units are more influential for a group of households at lower scale, whilst the diseconomy of scale of pipes is a major cost factor for higher scale of household groups. An optimal scale was observed between 192 and 288 households and sensitivity analysis on the discount rate showed no changes within this range. A basic analysis showed that topography of the land does influence overall NPV. However, the influence factor depends on the nature of the slope, with costs varying for differing scenarios and further work required to have a thorough understanding of its influence in final NPV.
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    Journal Title
    Journal of Cleaner Production
    Volume
    67
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.12.020
    Copyright Statement
    © 2014 Elsevier. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitive, published version.
    Subject
    Water resources engineering
    Environmental engineering
    Manufacturing engineering
    Publication URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10072/61170
    Collection
    • Journal articles

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