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dc.contributor.authorLycett, Samantha
dc.contributor.authorJ. McLeish, Nigel
dc.contributor.authorRobertson, Christopher
dc.contributor.authorCarman, William
dc.contributor.authorBaillie, Gregory
dc.contributor.authorMcMenamin, James
dc.contributor.authorRambaut, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorSimmonds, Peter
dc.contributor.authorWoolhouse, Mark
dc.contributor.authorJ. Leigh Brown, Andrew
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-03T12:44:52Z
dc.date.available2017-05-03T12:44:52Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.date.modified2014-08-19T04:42:40Z
dc.identifier.issn00221317
dc.identifier.doi10.1099/vir.0.039370-0
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/62524
dc.description.abstractThe spread of influenza has usually been described by a 'density' model, where the largest centres of population drive the epidemic within a country. An alternative model emphasizing the role of air travel has recently been developed. We have examined the relative importance of the two in the context of the 2009 H1N1 influenza epidemic in Scotland. We obtained genome sequences of 70 strains representative of the geographical and temporal distribution of H1N1 influenza during the summer and winter phases of the pandemic in 2009. We analysed these strains, together with another 128 from the rest of the UK and 292 globally distributed strains, using maximum-likelihood phylogenetic and Bayesian phylogeographical methods. This revealed strikingly different epidemic patterns within Scotland in the early and late parts of 2009. The summer epidemic in Scotland was characterized by multiple independent introductions from both international and other UK sources, followed by major local expansion of a single clade that probably originated in Birmingham. The winter phase, in contrast, was more diverse genetically, with several clades of similar size in different locations, some of which had no particularly close phylogenetic affinity to strains sampled from either Scotland or England. Overall there was evidence to support both models, with significant links demonstrated between North American sequences and those from England, and between England and East Asia, indicating that major air-travel routes played an important role in the pattern of spread of the pandemic, both within the UK and globally.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.publicationstatusYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSociety for General Microbiology
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom
dc.relation.ispartofstudentpublicationN
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom1253
dc.relation.ispartofpageto1260
dc.relation.ispartofissue6
dc.relation.ispartofjournalJournal of General Virology
dc.relation.ispartofvolume93
dc.rights.retentionY
dc.subject.fieldofresearchBiological Sciences not elsewhere classified
dc.subject.fieldofresearchBiological Sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchAgricultural and Veterinary Sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchMedical and Health Sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode069999
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode06
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode07
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode11
dc.titleOrigin and fate of A/H1N1 influenza in Scotland during 2009
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.hasfulltextNo Full Text
gro.griffith.authorBaillie, Greg


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